gene

CAT

Entity Detail — Knowledge Graph Node

Understanding Entity Pages

This page aggregates everything SciDEX knows about CAT: its mechanistic relationships (Knowledge Graph edges), hypotheses targeting it, analyses mentioning it, and supporting scientific papers. The interactive graph below shows its immediate neighbors. All content is AI-synthesized from peer-reviewed literature.

1433Connections

30Hypotheses

0Analyses

50Outgoing

50Incoming

15Experiments

0Debates

Summary

CAT is a gene implicated in neurodegeneration research. Key relationships include: interacts with, activates, regulates. Associated with AD, ADH, ALI. Connected to 740 entities in the SciDEX knowledge graph.

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🧬 Gene Info

Gene Symbol	CAT
Full Name	Catalase
Chromosome	11
Protein Type	Enzyme
Function	Catalase is a tetrameric heme-containing enzyme that functions as one of the primary antioxidant defenses in cells.
Primary Expression	peroxisomes (primary location), cytosol and mitochondria, with highest levels in liver, kidney, and brain
Subcellular Localization	**: Peroxisomes
Pathways	Akt, Apoptosis, Autophagy, Epigenetic, Ferroptosis
UniProt ID	P04040
NCBI Gene ID	847
Ensembl ID	ENSG00000121691
OMIM	115500
GeneCards	CAT
Human Protein Atlas	CAT
Associated Diseases	AD, ADH, Aging, ALI, Als
Known Drugs/Compounds	rapamycin
Interactions	ABCD3, ABCG2, ACTB, Actin, AD, AKT
KG Connections	1433 knowledge graph edges
Databases	GeneCards HPA STRING

🔮 Predicted Structure: CAT — AlphaFold P04040 Click to expand

AI-predicted structure from AlphaFold | Powered by Mol*

Wiki Pages (3)

Knowledge base pages for this entity

Canonical Page

Pathway Diagram

graph TD
    ROS["Reactive Oxygen Species"] -->|"generates"| H2O2["Hydrogen Peroxide"]
    CAT["Catalase"] -->|"detoxifies"| H2O2
    H2O2 -->|"damages"| SQSTM1["SQSTM1/p62"]
    CAT -->|"regulates"| SQSTM1
    SQSTM1 -->|"activates"| RPS6KB1["RPS6KB1/S6K1"]
    RPS6KB1 -->|"phosphorylates"| EIF4EBP1["EIF4EBP1"]
    SQSTM1 -->|"interacts"| RAB7A["RAB7A"]
    RAB7A -->|"regulates"| CTSD["CTSD/Cathepsin D"]
    H2O2 -->|"inhibits"| PPARGC1A["PPARGC1A/PGC-1alpha"]
    CAT -->|"protects"| PPARGC1A
    PPARGC1A -->|"activates"| SREBF1["SREBF1/SREBP1"]
    CTSD -->|"promotes"| Autophagy["Autophagy"]
    H2O2 -->|"causes"| Neurodegeneration["Neurodegeneration"]
    CAT -->|"prevents"| Neurodegeneration

Outgoing (997)

Target	Relation	Type	Str
Inflammation	inhibits	disease	0.85
GSH	associated_with	gene	0.80
oxidative stress	protects_against	process	0.80
neural stem cells	activates	cell_type	0.80
Oxidative Stress	associated_with	pathway	0.80
HO-1	activates	gene	0.80
Apoptosis	activates	pathway	0.80
Oxidative Stress	inhibits	pathway	0.80
Cardiac	regulates	disease	0.75
Als	interacts_with	disease	0.75
Inflammation	activates	disease	0.75
Als	activates	disease	0.75
Inflammation	causes	disease	0.75
Alzheimer	activates	disease	0.75
Senescence	regulates	disease	0.75
oxidative stress	associated_with	process	0.75
Als	regulates	disease	0.75
Als	inhibits	disease	0.75
Diabetes	interacts_with	disease	0.75
HSPA1A	targets	gene	0.70
NRF2	expresses	gene	0.70
NEURONS	activates	cell_type	0.70
SOD2	regulates	gene	0.70
HIF1A	targets	gene	0.70
GPX4	regulates	gene	0.70
GSK3B	associated_with	gene	0.70
TNF	targets	gene	0.70
VEGF	targets	gene	0.70
MBP	activates	gene	0.70
HSP90	targets	gene	0.70
IGF1	targets	gene	0.70
SOD1	expressed_in	gene	0.70
GPX4	biomarker_for	gene	0.70
CCL2	biomarker_for	gene	0.70
TNF-Α	associated_with	gene	0.70
Oxidative Stress	activates	pathway	0.70
neural stem cells	regulates	cell_type	0.70
Apoptosis	associated_with	pathway	0.70
INFLAMMATION	inhibits	gene	0.70
Oxidative Stress	causes	pathway	0.70
unfolded protein response	participates_in	pathway	0.70
AMPK	activates	gene	0.70
TNF-Α	inhibits	gene	0.70
apoptosis pathway	participates_in	pathway	0.70
Apoptosis	inhibits	pathway	0.70
BCL-2	activates	gene	0.70
Autophagy	inhibits	pathway	0.70
Mtor	activates	pathway	0.70
IL-6	inhibits	gene	0.70
SQSTM1	regulates	gene	0.70

Incoming (436)

Source	Relation	Type	Str
FOXO1	upregulates	gene	0.90
116B	upregulates	compound	0.85
OXIDATIVE STRESS	inhibits	gene	0.80
ROS	inhibits	gene	0.80
ASTROCYTE	activates	cell_type	0.70
BDNF	expressed_in	gene	0.70
ATP	inhibits	gene	0.70
OXIDATIVE STRESS	causes	gene	0.70
KEAP1	associated_with	gene	0.70
OXIDATIVE STRESS	associated_with	gene	0.70
APOPTOSIS	activates	gene	0.70
ATG	activates	gene	0.70
TNF	inhibits	gene	0.70
TNF	associated_with	gene	0.70
ATP	activates	gene	0.70
BAX	associated_with	gene	0.70
BAX	activates	gene	0.70
NQO1	activates	gene	0.70
CYCS	inhibits	gene	0.70
APOPTOSIS	inhibits	gene	0.70
BDNF	causes	gene	0.65
CANCER	causes	gene	0.60
LC3B	regulates	gene	0.60
INFLAMMATION	causes	gene	0.60
RIP3	interacts_with	gene	0.60
NLR	interacts_with	gene	0.60
GLUT4	protects_against	gene	0.60
AND	contributes_to	gene	0.60
IL-10	expressed_in	gene	0.60
CATALASE	degrades	gene	0.60
CATALASE	interacts_with	gene	0.60
C-JUN	activates	gene	0.60
AND	regulates	gene	0.60
CREB	protects_against	gene	0.60
APOPTOSIS	causes	gene	0.60
CPT1A	regulates	gene	0.60
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS	therapeutic_target	gene	0.60
GENES	inhibits	gene	0.60
IL-6	causes	gene	0.60
IFN	causes	gene	0.60
ALS	therapeutic_target	gene	0.60
CYTOKINES	causes	gene	0.60
IFN-Γ	causes	gene	0.60
HO-1	activates	gene	0.60
INOS	causes	gene	0.60
TNF-Α	causes	gene	0.60
OXIDATIVE STRESS	expressed_in	gene	0.60
GSH	activates	gene	0.60
PER	protects_against	gene	0.60
AUTOPHAGY	therapeutic_target	gene	0.60

Targeting Hypotheses (30)

Hypotheses where this entity is a therapeutic target

Hypothesis	Score	Disease	Analysis
SASP-Mediated Complement Cascade Amplification	0.910	neurodegeneration	Senolytic therapy for age-related neurod
CSF sTREM2 as Pharmacodynamic Biomarker for Therapeutic Wind	0.801	neuroimmunology	What is the temporal sequence of TREM2 s
Targeting SASP-Complement Amplification Through HIF-1α Downs	0.793	neurodegeneration	What molecular mechanism causes VCP muta
Integrated Biomarker Panel for Therapeutic Window Identifica	0.784	neurodegeneration	What are the precise temporal dynamics o
TFEB Nuclear Translocation to Reset Lysosomal-Hypoxia Axis	0.779	neurodegeneration	What molecular mechanism causes VCP muta

LPCAT3-Mediated Lands Cycle Remodeling as the Primary Ferrop	0.779	Alzheimer's Disease	Cell type vulnerability in Alzheimers Di
LPCAT3-Mediated Lands Cycle Amplification of Ferroptotic Sub	0.776	Alzheimer's Disease	Cell type vulnerability in Alzheimers Di
LPCAT3-Mediated Lands Cycle Amplification of Ferroptotic Vul	0.770	Alzheimer's Disease	Cell type vulnerability in Alzheimers Di
Lysosomal Cathepsin-Dependent Tau Clearance	0.767	neurodegeneration	View
METTL3-Mediated m6A Modification of lncRNA-0021 Regulates mi	0.754	molecular neurobiology	View
Selective blockade of classical-pathway activation downstrea	0.750	neurodegeneration	Does C1q function differ based on subcel
Iron-driven lipid peroxidation and GPX4 failure create a fer	0.750	neurodegeneration	What mechanisms drive the self-amplifyin
Astrocyte C3aR Signaling as Bifurcation Point for A1/A2 Fate	0.750	Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease	-
Complement-SASP Amplification Cascade as Mechanistic Link	0.741	neurodegeneration	Why have anti-Aβ clinical trials failed
Mutant-dependent amplification is context-dependent and stro	0.740	neurodegeneration	Do pathogenic LRRK2 mutations amplify vo
ω-3 Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Epoxide Generation via CYP2J2	0.725	lipidomics	Lipid metabolism dysregulation in Alzhei
Microglial IFN-β Priming of Motor Neuron cGAS/STING Amplific	0.720	neurodegeneration	What determines the specificity of TDP-4
m6A RNA Modification as Address Code for Granule Targeting	0.700	neurodegeneration	What determines the specificity of RNA-p
TRIM21 as a 'Phase Separation Thermostat' via Catalytic Reve	0.700	neurodegeneration	How does TRIM21-mediated K63 ubiquitinat
Dual-Circuit Tau Vulnerability Cascade with Glial-Mediated A	0.696	neuroscience	Circuit-level neural dynamics in neurode
Compromised Lysosomal Acidification and Trafficking Due to N	0.693	neurodegeneration	What mechanisms underlie neuronal resist
Drp1-S616 Phosphorylation Fission Priming Enables t-Bid-Driv	0.693	neurodegeneration	What upstream mechanisms cause TDP-43 to
Wnt/β-catenin Pathway Restoration	0.686	-	Blood-brain barrier tight junction disru
GLUT1-Mediated Glucose Flux Coefficient as Neuroprotection I	0.685	translational neuroscience	Which metabolic biomarkers can distingui
CSF Soluble TREM2 Fragment Ratio as Priming State Indicator	0.680	biomarkers	What biomarkers can reliably detect micr
Glial Neuroinflammatory Amplification by TDP-43 Pathology	0.680	neurodegeneration	What mechanisms underlie TDP-43's contri
Dynamic Lactate-Pyruvate Ratio as Therapeutic Stratification	0.677	translational neuroscience	Which metabolic biomarkers can distingui
Enhancing Vagal Cholinergic Signaling to Restore Gut-Brain A	0.669	neurodegeneration	What are the mechanisms by which gut mic
Heat Shock Protein 70 Disaggregase Amplification	0.668	neurodegeneration	TDP-43 phase separation therapeutics for
Choline Kinase Activity as Membrane Integrity Response Indic	0.663	translational neuroscience	Which metabolic biomarkers can distingui

Mentioning Analyses (0)

Scientific analyses that reference this entity

No analyses mention this entity

Experiments (15)

Experimental studies targeting or related to this entity

Experiment	Type	Disease	Score	Feasibility	Model	Status	Est. Cost
Autophagy receptor identification for stress granule elimination	exploratory	neurodegenerative diseases	0.900	0.00	cultured cells under arsenite	proposed	N/A
Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of human atherosclerotic plaques	exploratory	Atherosclerosis	0.900	0.00	Human atherosclerotic plaque s	proposed	N/A
Chi3l1 deletion effects on baseline glial activation in mice	validation	baseline neuroinflammation	0.900	0.00	Chi3l1 knockout mice	proposed	N/A
CHI3L1 variant association with AD progression in human patients	exploratory	Alzheimer's disease	0.850	0.00	human patients	proposed	N/A
bEV isolation and LPS quantification from human samples	clinical	Alzheimer's disease	0.800	0.00	human patients	proposed	N/A
Proposed experiment from debate on Synaptic pruning by microglia in ea	falsification	Alzheimer's Disease	0.400	0.50	mouse	proposed	$200,000
Proposed experiment from debate on Senolytics targeting p16/p21+ senes	falsification	Neurodegeneration	0.400	0.50	cell_line	proposed	$80,000
Biomechanical Impact Profiles and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Phe	clinical	Neurodegeneration	0.400	0.50	in_silico	proposed	$180,000
Mechanism: Why Does Amyloid Removal Only Slow Decline 27%?	clinical	Alzheimer's Disease	0.400	0.50	human	proposed	$7,500,000
Experiment: Autoimmune Hypothesis Testing in AD	clinical	Alzheimer's Disease	0.400	0.50	human	proposed	$5,460,000
Experimental: CAAR-T Cell Therapy for Autoantibody-Mediated Neurotoxic	clinical	Alzheimer's Disease	0.400	0.50	human	proposed	$5,460,000
cGAS-STING Pathway Validation Study in Parkinson's Disease	clinical	Parkinson's Disease	0.400	0.50	human	proposed	$7,100,000
Microglial Aging and Immune Memory in Neurodegeneration — Training the	validation	Alzheimer's Disease	0.400	0.50	human	proposed	$2,960,000
Microglial Contributions to Huntington's Disease Pathogenesis	validation	Neuroinflammation	0.400	0.50	human	proposed	$2,960,000
Mixed Pathology Effects on Parkinson's Disease Progression and Treatme	clinical	Alzheimer's Disease	0.400	0.50	human	proposed	$5,460,000

Related Papers (20)

Scientific publications cited in analyses involving this entity

Title & PMID	Authors	Journal	Year	Citations
Complement, Inflammasome, and Microglial Crosstalk in Glaucoma: From Neurodegene [PMID:41900887]	Chen TY, Wu N, Sun X	Life (Basel)	2026	1
Systemic Neurodegeneration and Brain Aging: Multi-Omics Disintegration, Proteost [PMID:40868276]	Voicu V, Toader C, Șerban M, Covache-Bus	Biomedicines	2025	1
Complement C1q/C3-CR3 signaling pathway mediates abnormal microglial phagocytosi [PMID:38642614]	Han QQ, Shen SY, Liang LF, Chen XR, Yu J	Brain Behav Immun	2024	1
Metabolic orchestration of cell death by AMPK-mediated phosphorylation of RIPK1. [PMID:37384704]	Zhang T, Xu D, Trefts E, Lv M, Inuzuka H	Science	2023	1
Microglia regulation of synaptic plasticity and learning and memory. [PMID:34472455]	Cornell J, Salinas S, Huang HY, Zhou M	Neural Regen Res	2022	1
Complement and microglia mediate early synapse loss in Alzheimer mouse models. [PMID:27033548]	Hong S, Beja-Glasser VF, Nfonoyim BM, Fr	Science	2016	1
Panacis Quinquefolii Radix Polysaccharides Alleviate Depressive-Like Behaviors i [PMID:41914021]	Xie M, Feng L, Li R, Li M, Shen L, Zhang	CNS neuroscience & therapeutic	2026	0
Vaccine-induced antibodies can limit Salmonella infection in the absence of comp [PMID:41738756]	Perez-Toledo M, Aksu-Istil K, Marcial-Ju	mBio	2026	0
Monocyte LOXHD1 and RHOB Expression Predictive of Progressive Systemic Sclerosis [PMID:40771159]	Padilla CM, Lafyatis R, Gibson KF, Morse	Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)	2026	0
Maspardin/SPG21 controls lysosome motility and TFEB phosphorylation through RAB7 [PMID:41400694]	Jacqmin T, Gilis F, Albert M, Gaussin JF	J Cell Biol	2026	0
Obstructive sleep apnea, biomarker profiles, and clinical progression in Parkins [PMID:41499940]	Zhu S, An D, Liu X	Sleep Med	2026	0
β-Sitosterol ameliorates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis by tar [PMID:41501416]	Wang Y, Sun Y, Wang CY, Cao M, Hao R et	Acta Pharmacol Sin	2026	0
Epigenetic H3K4me3 activation of miR-155-5p promotes intervertebral disc degener [PMID:41536620]	Wang X, Sun H, Xiao W, Zhang Y, Lu X et	Noncoding RNA Res	2026	0
SuPAR levels are increased in sera of euthymic patients with bipolar disorder an [PMID:41605346]	Kök Kendirlioğlu B, Çörekli Kaymakçı E,	J Affect Disord	2026	0
AMPK promotes TFEB transcriptional activity through dephosphorylation at both MT [PMID:41661247]	Negoita F, Fraguas Bringas C, Hellberg K	Autophagy	2026	0
Chitinase-like Proteins YKL-40 and YKL-39 in Colorectal Cancer. [PMID:41677627]	Ivanova T, Kazakova M, Dikov D, Dzhambov	Cells	2026	0
Correction: CHI3L1: An Emerging Player in Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneratio [PMID:41699333]	Mushtaq Umar; Seh Bilal Ahmad; Khanday F	Molecular Neurobiology	2026	0
Association of Alzheimer's disease progression with YKL40 levels in peripheral b [PMID:41725729]	Yang Q, Wang R, Pei J, Fu Q, Zhan Y et a	Front Neurol	2026	0
Constitutive neuronal expression and disease-associated upregulation of chitinas [PMID:41762671]	Gaur N, Angerer C, Gunes ZI, Ancau M, Wa	Brain	2026	0
Hepatic STEAP4 promotes liver regeneration by regulating lysosomal iron homeosta [PMID:41838890]	Cao P, Niu M, Zhu H, Zhang C, Zhu H et a	Hepatology	2026	0

Debates (0)

Multi-agent debates referencing this entity

No debates reference this entity

Related Research

Hypotheses and analyses mentioning CAT in their description or question text

CAT

Understanding Entity Pages

Summary

Wiki Pages (3)

CAT — Catalase

CTNNBIP1 Gene — Catenin Beta Interacting Protein 1 (ICAT)

GCAT — Glycerol-3-Phosphate O-Acetyltransferase

Pathway Diagram

Outgoing (997)

Incoming (436)

Targeting Hypotheses (30)

Mentioning Analyses (0)

Experiments (15)

Related Papers (20)

Debates (0)

Related Research

LPCAT3-Mediated Lands Cycle Remodeling as the Primary Ferroptotic Priming Engine

LPCAT3-Mediated Lands Cycle Amplification of Ferroptotic Substrate Pools in Dise

LPCAT3-Mediated Lands Cycle Amplification of Ferroptotic Vulnerability in Diseas

Lysosomal Cathepsin-Dependent Tau Clearance

METTL3-Mediated m6A Modification of lncRNA-0021 Regulates miR-6361 Sequestration

Selective blockade of classical-pathway activation downstream of C1q will reduce

Iron-driven lipid peroxidation and GPX4 failure create a ferroptotic amplificati

Complement-SASP Amplification Cascade as Mechanistic Link

Mutant-dependent amplification is context-dependent and strongest in microglia a

ω-3 Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Epoxide Generation via CYP2J2 to Protect Synaptic

Microglial IFN-β Priming of Motor Neuron cGAS/STING Amplification

m6A RNA Modification as Address Code for Granule Targeting

TRIM21 as a 'Phase Separation Thermostat' via Catalytic Reversibility

Dual-Circuit Tau Vulnerability Cascade with Glial-Mediated Amplification