protein

CHI3L1

Entity Detail — Knowledge Graph Node

Understanding Entity Pages

This page aggregates everything SciDEX knows about CHI3L1: its mechanistic relationships (Knowledge Graph edges), hypotheses targeting it, analyses mentioning it, and supporting scientific papers. The interactive graph below shows its immediate neighbors. All content is AI-synthesized from peer-reviewed literature.

360Connections

1Hypotheses

1Analyses

50Outgoing

50Incoming

2Experiments

1Debates

Summary

CHI3L1 (Chitinase 3-like Protein 1), also known as YKL-40, is a secreted glycoprotein implicated in neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.

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🔬 Protein Info

Gene Symbol	CHI3L1
Full Name	Chitinase 3-Like 1
Aliases	Chitinase 3-like Protein 1
Chromosome	1q32.1
Protein Type	Hydrolase
Function	CHI3L1 is a member of the glycosyl hydrolase family 18 but lacks enzymatic activity.
Primary Expression	hippocampus, cortex, and basal ganglia - Cell Types: Primarily microglia and astrocytes -
Molecular Weight	40 kDa
Amino Acids	383 aa
Pathways	NF-κB signaling
UniProt ID	P36222
NCBI Gene ID	1116
Ensembl ID	ENSG00000133048
GeneCards	CHI3L1
Human Protein Atlas	CHI3L1
Associated Diseases	Als, Alzheimer, Fibrosis, Inflammation, neurodegeneration
Known Drugs/Compounds	hygromycin B
Interactions	Actin, AGING, ALZHEIMER, ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, AMYLOID, AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
SciDEX Hypotheses	Integrated Biomarker Panel for Therapeutic Window
KG Connections	359 knowledge graph edges
Databases	GeneCards HPA STRING

🔮 Predicted Structure: CHI3L1 — AlphaFold P36222 Click to expand

AI-predicted structure from AlphaFold | Powered by Mol*

Wiki Pages (3)

Knowledge base pages for this entity

Canonical Page

Pathway Diagram

graph TD
    CHI3L1["CHI3L1"]
    CHI3L1 -->|"activates"| Neurodegeneration["Neurodegeneration"]
    CHI3L1 -->|"expressed in"| Inflammation["Inflammation"]
    CHI3L1 -->|"expressed in"| Neuroinflammation["Neuroinflammation"]
    CHI3L1 -->|"contributes to"| Aging["Aging"]
    CHI3L1 -->|"activates"| Autoimmune["Autoimmune"]
    CHI3L1 -.biomarker for.-> Als["Als"]
    CHI3L1 -.biomarker for.-> Alzheimer["Alzheimer"]
    CHI3L1 -->|"regulates"| Glioblastoma["Glioblastoma"]
    CHI3L1 -->|"inhibits"| Tumor["Tumor"]
    STAT3["STAT3"] -->|"regulates"| CHI3L1
    IL9["IL9"] -.biomarker for.-> CHI3L1
    IL4["IL4"] -.biomarker for.-> CHI3L1
    FGF2["FGF2"] -.biomarker for.-> CHI3L1
    GFAP["GFAP"] -.biomarker for.-> CHI3L1
    MDH1["MDH1"] -.biomarker for.-> CHI3L1
    SQSTM1["SQSTM1"] -.biomarker for.-> CHI3L1
    BDNF["BDNF"] -.biomarker for.-> CHI3L1
    APOE["APOE"] -.biomarker for.-> CHI3L1
    NEFL["NEFL"] -.biomarker for.-> CHI3L1

Outgoing (266)

Target	Relation	Type	Str
STAT3	binds_to	protein	0.95
Neuroinflammation	associated_with	process	0.95
YKL-40	encodes	protein	0.95
Astrocytes	expressed_in	cell_type	0.95
Hippocampal Neurogenesis	inhibits	process	0.95
CRTH2	binds	receptor	0.90
Neuromyelitis Optica	biomarker_for	disease	0.90
Neural Stem Cell Proliferation	inhibits	process	0.90
Neuronal Differentiation	inhibits	process	0.90
Alzheimer'S Disease	involved_in	disease	0.90
proneural-mesenchymal transition	promotes	process	0.90
Neuromyelitis Optica	biomarker_for	disease	0.90
Glial Activation	regulates	process	0.90
ASTROCYTE	secreted_by	cell_type	0.90
Cognitive Impairment	correlates_with	phenotype	0.85
Microglia	modulates	cell_type	0.85
Neuroinflammation	biomarker_for	process	0.85
Astrocyte Circadian Clock	associated_with	process	0.85
Amyloid Plaque Burden	modulates	phenotype	0.85
AD Progression	risk_factor_for	phenotype	0.85
macrophage phenotype	modulates	phenotype	0.84
Microglial Activation	modulates	process	0.80
Astrocyte Activation	regulates	process	0.80
neural stem cells	inhibits	cell_type	0.80
Glial Phagocytosis	inhibits	process	0.75
Neurodegeneration	activates	disease	0.75
Als	activates	disease	0.75
Autoimmune	activates	disease	0.75
Phagocytosis	suppresses	process	0.75
ASTROCYTES	activates	gene	0.70
astrocytes	expressed_in	cell_type	0.70
neurons	expressed_in	cell_type	0.70
stem cells	expressed_in	cell_type	0.70
hippocampus	expressed_in	brain_region	0.70
Inflammation	regulates	disease	0.65
Alzheimer	regulates	disease	0.65
Aging	activates	disease	0.65
Als	therapeutic_target	disease	0.65
Cardiovascular	therapeutic_target	disease	0.65
Neuroinflammation	regulates	disease	0.65
Multiple Sclerosis	activates	disease	0.65
Als	associated_with	disease	0.65
Als	biomarker_for	disease	0.65
Senescence	expressed_in	disease	0.65
Diabetes	interacts_with	disease	0.65
Fibrosis	activates	disease	0.65
Neurodegeneration	biomarker_for	disease	0.65
Als	regulates	disease	0.65
Inflammation	associated_with	disease	0.65
Fibrosis	associated_with	disease	0.65

Incoming (94)

Source	Relation	Type	Str
Astrocytes	expressed_in	cell_type	0.95
AQP4	regulates	protein	0.90
AQP4 Autoantibodies	upregulates	compound	0.90
Astrocyte	product_of	cell_type	0.90
hygromycin B	inhibits	drug	0.85
STAT3	interacts_with	gene	0.80
STAT3	regulates	protein	0.80
AQP4	activates	gene	0.60
SPP1	regulates	gene	0.60
STAT3	activates	gene	0.60
GBM	activates	gene	0.60
TAU	associated_with	gene	0.60
APP	inhibits	gene	0.60
AIF1	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
C1QA	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
C1QB	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
C1QC	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
C1R	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
C1S	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
C3	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
ASTROCYTES	activates	gene	0.60
ALZHEIMER	regulates	gene	0.60
APOPTOSIS	activates	gene	0.60
NEURODEGENERATION	activates	gene	0.60
PARKINSON'S DISEASE	activates	gene	0.60
PARKINSON	activates	gene	0.60
ALZHEIMER	activates	gene	0.60
CYTOKINES	activates	gene	0.60
ASTROCYTE	activates	gene	0.60
AND	inhibits	gene	0.60
AND	activates	gene	0.60
NEUROINFLAMMATION	expressed_in	gene	0.60
AGING	activates	gene	0.60
ASTROCYTE	regulates	gene	0.60
NEUROINFLAMMATION	regulates	gene	0.60
RNA	expressed_in	gene	0.60
APOE	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
NEFL	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
APOPTOSIS	interacts_with	gene	0.60
BDNF	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
IL-1	inhibits	gene	0.60
EGF	therapeutic_target	gene	0.60
CD68	inhibits	gene	0.60
CLOCK	regulates	gene	0.60
NEUROINFLAMMATION	associated_with	gene	0.60
ITGB1	activates	gene	0.60
ASTROCYTES	inhibits	gene	0.60
IL-10	activates	gene	0.60
RNA	activates	gene	0.60
ARG1	activates	gene	0.60

Targeting Hypotheses (1)

Hypotheses where this entity is a therapeutic target

Hypothesis	Score	Disease	Analysis
Integrated Biomarker Panel for Therapeutic Window Identifica	0.784	neurodegeneration	What are the precise temporal dynamics o

Mentioning Analyses (1)

Scientific analyses that reference this entity

What are the precise temporal dynamics of astrocyte ketone production decline du

neurodegeneration | 2026-04-15 | 2 hypotheses Top: 0.808

Experiments (2)

Experimental studies targeting or related to this entity

Experiment	Type	Disease	Score	Feasibility	Model	Status	Est. Cost
Chi3l1 deletion effects on baseline glial activation in mice	validation	baseline neuroinflammation	0.900	0.00	Chi3l1 knockout mice	proposed	N/A
CHI3L1 variant association with AD progression in human patients	exploratory	Alzheimer's disease	0.850	0.00	human patients	proposed	N/A

Related Papers (8)

Scientific publications cited in analyses involving this entity

Title & PMID	Authors	Journal	Year
Monocyte LOXHD1 and RHOB Expression Predictive of Progressive Systemic Sclerosis [PMID:40771159]	Padilla CM, Lafyatis R, Gibson KF, Morse	Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)	2026
Obstructive sleep apnea, biomarker profiles, and clinical progression in Parkins [PMID:41499940]	Zhu S, An D, Liu X	Sleep Med	2026
SuPAR levels are increased in sera of euthymic patients with bipolar disorder an [PMID:41605346]	Kök Kendirlioğlu B, Çörekli Kaymakçı E,	J Affect Disord	2026
Chitinase-like Proteins YKL-40 and YKL-39 in Colorectal Cancer. [PMID:41677627]	Ivanova T, Kazakova M, Dikov D, Dzhambov	Cells	2026
Correction: CHI3L1: An Emerging Player in Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneratio [PMID:41699333]	Mushtaq Umar; Seh Bilal Ahmad; Khanday F	Molecular Neurobiology	2026
Association of Alzheimer's disease progression with YKL40 levels in peripheral b [PMID:41725729]	Yang Q, Wang R, Pei J, Fu Q, Zhan Y et a	Front Neurol	2026
Constitutive neuronal expression and disease-associated upregulation of chitinas [PMID:41762671]	Gaur N, Angerer C, Gunes ZI, Ancau M, Wa	Brain	2026
Plasma CHI3L1 as a marker of cognitive and structural brain changes in radiologi [PMID:41953284]	Schneider R, Brand-Arzamendi K, Lim TR,	BMJ Neurol Open	2026

Debates (1)

Multi-agent debates referencing this entity

The debate identified a critical therapeutic window when astrocytic ketone produ

closed · Rounds: 4 · Score: 0.85 · 2026-04-15

Related Research

Hypotheses and analyses mentioning CHI3L1 in their description or question text

No additional research found