gene
PARKINSON
Entity Detail — Knowledge Graph Node
Understanding Entity Pages
This page aggregates everything SciDEX knows about PARKINSON: its mechanistic relationships (Knowledge Graph edges), hypotheses targeting it, analyses mentioning it, and supporting scientific papers. The interactive graph below shows its immediate neighbors. All content is AI-synthesized from peer-reviewed literature.
9129Connections
9Hypotheses
0Analyses
50Outgoing
50Incoming
1Experiments
0Debates
Summary
PARKINSON is a gene implicated in neurodegeneration research. Key relationships include: associated with, activates, regulates. Associated with ALS, ALZHEIMER'S, ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. Connected to 2646 entities in the SciDEX knowledge graph.
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Gene Info
| Gene Symbol | PARKINSON |
| Sample Size | 4,018 whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data of blood samples |
| Cohorts | Two independent PD cohorts for validation |
| Analytical Pipeline | Kraken 2 and Bracken software with PlusPF database for microbial annotation |
| Validation | Population-based cross-cohort filtration process with resampling validation |
| Motor dysfunction | Specific bacterial species showed association with motor symptom severity |
| Cognitive impairment | Certain signatures correlated with cognitive decline in PD patients |
| Associated Diseases | Addiction, aging, Als, Alzheimer |
| Known Drugs/Compounds | LEVODOPA, RAPAMYCIN, RESVERATROL |
| Interactions | 6-OHDA, AADC, ABCB1, ABCD3, ACETYL-COA, ACHE |
| KG Connections | 5644 knowledge graph edges |
| Databases | GeneCardsUniProtNCBI GeneHPASTRING |
Wiki Pages (2)
Knowledge base pages for this entity
Canonical Page
→
Blood Microbial Signatures in Parkinson's Disease
biomarker · 3060 wordsPARKINSON
entity · 667 wordsPathway Diagram
graph TD
subgraph Pathology["Pathology"]
PARKINSON["PARKINSON"] -->|"associated with"| ALS["ALS"]
PARKINSON["PARKINSON"] -->|"associated with"| Parkinson["Parkinson"]
PARKINSON["PARKINSON"] -->|"associated with"| CANCER["CANCER"]
PARKINSON["PARKINSON"] -->|"associated with"| AGING["AGING"]
PARKINSON["PARKINSON"] -->|"associated with"| Aging["Aging"]
PARKINSON["PARKINSON"] -->|"associated with"| Alzheimer["Alzheimer"]
PARKINSON["PARKINSON"] -->|"associated with"| Cancer["Cancer"]
PARKINSON["PARKINSON"] -->|"associated with"| NEURODEGENERATIVE_DISEASES["NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES"]
PARKINSON_S_DISEASE["PARKINSON'S DISEASE"] -->|"associated with"| PARKINSON["PARKINSON"]
OXIDATIVE_STRESS["OXIDATIVE STRESS"] -->|"associated with"| PARKINSON["PARKINSON"]
APOPTOSIS["APOPTOSIS"] -->|"associated with"| PARKINSON["PARKINSON"]
end
subgraph Interactions["Interactions"]
PARKINSON["PARKINSON"] -->|"interacts with"| Parkinson_1["Parkinson"]
end
subgraph Signaling["Signaling"]
PARKINSON_S_DISEASE_2["PARKINSON'S DISEASE"] -.->|"inhibits"| PARKINSON["PARKINSON"]
PARKINSON_S_DISEASE_3["PARKINSON'S DISEASE"] -->|"regulates"| PARKINSON["PARKINSON"]
PARKINSON_S_DISEASE_4["PARKINSON'S DISEASE"] -->|"activates"| PARKINSON["PARKINSON"]
end
style PARKINSON fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:3px,color:#e0e0e0,font-weight:bold
style ALS fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style Parkinson fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style Parkinson_1 fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style CANCER fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style AGING fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style Aging fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style Alzheimer fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style Cancer fill:#ef5350,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style NEURODEGENERATIVE_DISEASES fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style PARKINSON_S_DISEASE fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style OXIDATIVE_STRESS fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style PARKINSON_S_DISEASE_2 fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style PARKINSON_S_DISEASE_3 fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style PARKINSON_S_DISEASE_4 fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0
style APOPTOSIS fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:1px,color:#e0e0e0Outgoing (4104)
| Target | Relation | Type | Str |
|---|---|---|---|
| Neurodegeneration | causes | disease | 1.00 |
| Stem Cell | activates | pathway | 1.00 |
| AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| Proteasome | therapeutic_target | pathway | 1.00 |
| Neuroinflammation | therapeutic_target | disease | 1.00 |
| MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| Alzheimer | regulates | disease | 1.00 |
| Huntington | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| Neuroinflammation | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| MITOCHONDRIA | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| Multiple Sclerosis | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| UBIQUITIN | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| Multiple Sclerosis | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| Inflammation | causes | disease | 1.00 |
| MITOCHONDRIA | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| AUTOPHAGY | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| Als | therapeutic_target | disease | 1.00 |
| Als | inhibits | disease | 1.00 |
| Inflammation | inhibits | disease | 1.00 |
| ASTROCYTES | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| Als | expressed_in | disease | 1.00 |
| Neuroinflammation | inhibits | disease | 1.00 |
| ALZHEIMER | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| Nf-Κb | activates | pathway | 1.00 |
| Oxidative Stress | therapeutic_target | pathway | 1.00 |
| Apoptosis | activates | pathway | 1.00 |
| PARKINSON'S DISEASE | treats | disease | 1.00 |
| Als | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| Neurodegeneration | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| Parkinson | expressed_in | disease | 1.00 |
| Parkinson | regulates | disease | 1.00 |
| Stroke | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| Alzheimer | activates | disease | 1.00 |
| Mitophagy | activates | pathway | 1.00 |
| Parkinson | therapeutic_target | disease | 1.00 |
| Neurodegeneration | causes | disease | 1.00 |
| Aging | causes | disease | 1.00 |
| Autophagy | therapeutic_target | pathway | 1.00 |
| Parkinson | protects_against | disease | 1.00 |
| Alzheimer | therapeutic_target | disease | 1.00 |
| Inflammation | regulates | disease | 1.00 |
| Apoptosis | therapeutic_target | pathway | 1.00 |
| Inflammation | expressed_in | disease | 1.00 |
| Oxidative Stress | activates | pathway | 1.00 |
| NEUROINFLAMMATION | inhibits | gene | 1.00 |
| Parkinson | interacts_with | disease | 1.00 |
| Immune Response | therapeutic_target | pathway | 1.00 |
| Neurodegeneration | regulates | disease | 1.00 |
| Stem Cell | activates | pathway | 1.00 |
Incoming (5025)
| Source | Relation | Type | Str |
|---|---|---|---|
| Infection | associated_with | disease | 1.00 |
| PARKINSON'S DISEASE | inhibits | gene | 1.00 |
| PARKINSON'S DISEASE | associated_with | gene | 1.00 |
| MICROGLIA | associated_with | gene | 1.00 |
| LRRK2 | associated_with | gene | 1.00 |
| PARKINSON'S DISEASE | associated_with | gene | 1.00 |
| NEURODEGENERATION | associated_with | gene | 1.00 |
| OXIDATIVE STRESS | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| PARKINSON | associated_with | gene | 1.00 |
| NEUROINFLAMMATION | associated_with | gene | 1.00 |
| NEURODEGENERATION | treats | gene | 1.00 |
| ALZHEIMER | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| NEURODEGENERATION | treats | gene | 1.00 |
| MITOCHONDRIA | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| PARKINSON | biomarker_for | gene | 1.00 |
| LRRK2 | associated_with | gene | 1.00 |
| PARKINSON'S DISEASE | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| MITOCHONDRIA | protects_against | gene | 1.00 |
| PARKINSON'S DISEASE | biomarker_for | gene | 1.00 |
| MITOCHONDRIA | associated_with | gene | 1.00 |
| HUNTINGTON | associated_with | gene | 1.00 |
| CYTOKINES | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| PARKINSON | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| PARKINSON'S DISEASE | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| GENES | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| PINK1 | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| PTEN | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| NEUROINFLAMMATION | causes | gene | 1.00 |
| PARKINSON'S DISEASE | causes | gene | 1.00 |
| AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| PARKINSON'S DISEASE | inhibits | gene | 1.00 |
| NEURODEGENERATION | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS | regulates | gene | 1.00 |
| AUTOPHAGY | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| PARKINSON'S DISEASE | protects_against | gene | 1.00 |
| INFLAMMATION | therapeutic_target | gene | 1.00 |
| BRAIN INJURY | associated_with | gene | 1.00 |
| NEURODEGENERATION | causes | gene | 1.00 |
| NF-ΚB | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| PARKINSON'S DISEASE | interacts_with | gene | 1.00 |
| NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| PARKINSON'S DISEASE | biomarker_for | gene | 1.00 |
| PARKINSON | interacts_with | gene | 1.00 |
| ALZHEIMER | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| PARKINSON | inhibits | gene | 1.00 |
| NEURON | activates | gene | 1.00 |
| PARKINSON'S DISEASE | causes | gene | 1.00 |
| PINK1 | associated_with | gene | 1.00 |
Targeting Hypotheses (9)
Hypotheses where this entity is a therapeutic target
Mentioning Analyses (0)
Scientific analyses that reference this entity
No analyses mention this entity
Experiments (1)
Experimental studies targeting or related to this entity
| Experiment | Type | Disease | Score | Feasibility | Model | Status | Est. Cost |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Epigenetic clocks association with brain aging patterns in older women | exploratory | cognitive impairment and demen | 0.900 | 0.00 | human patients | proposed | N/A |
Related Papers (20)
Scientific publications cited in analyses involving this entity
| Title & PMID | Authors | Journal | Year | Citations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Enhancing TREM2 expression activates microglia and modestly mitigates tau pathol [PMID:40122810] | ["Chen Kai", "Li Fuyao", "Zhang Shuwen", | Journal of neuroinflammation | 2025 | 0 |
| Cell-Free DNA and Mitochondria in Parkinson's Disease. [PMID:41373767] | Wojtkowska, Ambrosius | International journal of molec | 2025 | 0 |
| Cell-Free DNA and Mitochondria in Parkinson's Disease. [PMID:41373767] | Unknown | International journal of molec | 2025 | 0 |
| Enhancing TREM2 expression activates microglia and modestly mitigates tau pathol [PMID:40122810] | ["Chen Kai", "Li Fuyao", "Zhang Shuwen", | Journal of neuroinflammation | 2025 | 0 |
| DNA Damage and Parkinson's Disease. [PMID:38673772] | ["Pfeifer Gerd P"] | International journal of molec | 2024 | 0 |
| DNA Damage and Parkinson's Disease. [PMID:38673772] | ["Pfeifer Gerd P"] | International journal of molec | 2024 | 0 |
| Genetic Architecture of Parkinson's Disease. [PMID:37076287] | Shadrina MI, Slominsky PA | Biochemistry (Mosc) | 2023 | 0 |
| Neurodegeneration and epigenetics: A review. [PMID:37344098] | Ghosh P, Saadat A | Neurologia (Engl Ed) | 2023 | 0 |
| Neurodegeneration and epigenetics: A review. [PMID:37344098] | ["Ghosh P", "Saadat A"] | Neurologia | 2023 | 0 |
| N6-methyladenosine and Neurological Diseases. [PMID:35032318] | Zhang N, Ding C, Zuo Y | Mol Neurobiol | 2022 | 0 |
| Parkinson's disease treatment: past, present, and future. [PMID:32172471] | Elsworth JD | J Neural Transm (Vienna) | 2020 | 0 |
| Neurodegeneration and Inflammation-An Interesting Interplay in Parkinson's Disea [PMID:33182554] | Marogianni C, Sokratous M, Dardiotis E, | International journal of molec | 2020 | 0 |
| Neurodegeneration and Inflammation-An Interesting Interplay in Parkinson's Disea [PMID:33182554] | Marogianni C, Sokratous M, Dardiotis E, | International journal of molec | 2020 | 0 |
| Multiple Sclerosis Pathology. [PMID:29358320] | Lassmann H | Cold Spring Harbor perspective | 2018 | 0 |
| Mitochondrial DNA and primary mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. [PMID:28251677] | Giannoccaro, La Morgia, Rizzo, Carelli | Movement disorders : official | 2017 | 0 |
| Epigenetics in Parkinson's Disease. [PMID:28523556] | Pavlou MAS, Outeiro TF | Adv Exp Med Biol | 2017 | 0 |
| Mitochondrial DNA and primary mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. [PMID:28251677] | Unknown | Movement disorders : official | 2017 | 0 |
| Epigenetics in Parkinson's Disease. [PMID:28523556] | ["Pavlou Maria Angeliki S", "Outeiro Tia | Advances in experimental medic | 2017 | 0 |
| Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease. [PMID:23643800] | ["Subramaniam, Sudhakar Raja", "Chessele | Progress in neurobiology | 2013 | 0 |
| Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease. [PMID:23643800] | ["Subramaniam, Sudhakar Raja", "Chessele | Progress in neurobiology | 2013 | 0 |
Debates (0)
Multi-agent debates referencing this entity
No debates reference this entity
Related Research
Hypotheses and analyses mentioning PARKINSON in their description or question text
Selectively Inhibit Maladaptive AQP4-Driven Astrocyte-Microglia Inflammatory Sig
Score: 0.500 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-21
## Mechanistic Overview Selectively Inhibit Maladaptive AQP4-Driven Astrocyte-Microglia Inflammatory Signaling in Parkin
TFEB Activation to Restore Lysosomal Function in Parkinson's Disease Alpha-Synuc
Score: 0.380 · proteomics · 2026-04-27
Parkinson's disease is characterized by the accumulation of misfolded alpha-synuclein protein aggregates (Lewy bodies) i
TFEB Activation to Restore Lysosomal Biogenesis in Parkinson's Disease Dopaminer
Score: 0.380 · proteomics · 2026-04-27
Age-related decline in lysosomal function contributes to the accumulation of pathological protein aggregates in Parkinso
Multi-Clock Ensemble Discordance as a Parkinson's Disease Prodrome Detector — Ep
Score: 0.323 · unknown disease · 2026-04-25
Concise Statement: In Parkinson's disease, different epigenetic clock algorithms (Horvath, Hannum, PhenoAge, GrimAge) g