protein

CHI3L1

Entity Detail — Knowledge Graph Node

Understanding Entity Pages

This page aggregates everything SciDEX knows about CHI3L1: its mechanistic relationships (Knowledge Graph edges), hypotheses targeting it, analyses mentioning it, and supporting scientific papers. The interactive graph below shows its immediate neighbors. All content is AI-synthesized from peer-reviewed literature.

361Connections

2Hypotheses

2Analyses

50Outgoing

50Incoming

2Experiments

2Debates

Summary

CHI3L1 (Chitinase 3-like Protein 1), also known as YKL-40, is a secreted glycoprotein implicated in neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.

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🔬 Protein Info

Gene Symbol	CHI3L1
Full Name	Chitinase 3-Like 1
Aliases	Chitinase 3-like Protein 1
Chromosome	1q32.1
Protein Type	Hydrolase
Function	CHI3L1 is a member of the glycosyl hydrolase family 18 but lacks enzymatic activity.
Primary Expression	hippocampus, cortex, and basal ganglia - Cell Types: Primarily microglia and astrocytes -
Molecular Weight	40 kDa
Amino Acids	383 aa
Pathways	NF-κB signaling
UniProt ID	P36222
NCBI Gene ID	1116
Ensembl ID	ENSG00000133048
GeneCards	CHI3L1
Human Protein Atlas	CHI3L1
Associated Diseases	Als, Alzheimer, Fibrosis, Inflammation, neurodegeneration
Known Drugs/Compounds	hygromycin B
Interactions	Actin, AGING, ALZHEIMER, ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, AMYLOID, AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
SciDEX Hypotheses	Integrated Biomarker Panel for Therapeutic Window
KG Connections	360 knowledge graph edges
Databases	GeneCards HPA STRING

🔮 Predicted Structure: CHI3L1 — AlphaFold P36222 Click to expand

AI-predicted structure from AlphaFold | Powered by Mol*

Wiki Pages (3)

Knowledge base pages for this entity

Canonical Page

Pathway Diagram

graph TD
    CHI3L1["CHI3L1"]
    CHI3L1 -->|"activates"| Neurodegeneration["Neurodegeneration"]
    CHI3L1 -->|"expressed in"| Inflammation["Inflammation"]
    CHI3L1 -->|"expressed in"| Neuroinflammation["Neuroinflammation"]
    CHI3L1 -->|"contributes to"| Aging["Aging"]
    CHI3L1 -->|"activates"| Autoimmune["Autoimmune"]
    CHI3L1 -.biomarker for.-> Als["Als"]
    CHI3L1 -.biomarker for.-> Alzheimer["Alzheimer"]
    CHI3L1 -->|"regulates"| Glioblastoma["Glioblastoma"]
    CHI3L1 -->|"inhibits"| Tumor["Tumor"]
    STAT3["STAT3"] -->|"regulates"| CHI3L1
    IL9["IL9"] -.biomarker for.-> CHI3L1
    IL4["IL4"] -.biomarker for.-> CHI3L1
    FGF2["FGF2"] -.biomarker for.-> CHI3L1
    GFAP["GFAP"] -.biomarker for.-> CHI3L1
    MDH1["MDH1"] -.biomarker for.-> CHI3L1
    SQSTM1["SQSTM1"] -.biomarker for.-> CHI3L1
    BDNF["BDNF"] -.biomarker for.-> CHI3L1
    APOE["APOE"] -.biomarker for.-> CHI3L1
    NEFL["NEFL"] -.biomarker for.-> CHI3L1

Outgoing (267)

Target	Relation	Type	Str
Neuroinflammation	associated_with	process	0.95
YKL-40	encodes	protein	0.95
Astrocytes	expressed_in	cell_type	0.95
STAT3	binds_to	protein	0.95
Hippocampal Neurogenesis	inhibits	process	0.95
proneural-mesenchymal transition	promotes	process	0.90
Neuromyelitis Optica	biomarker_for	disease	0.90
Neural Stem Cell Proliferation	inhibits	process	0.90
Neuronal Differentiation	inhibits	process	0.90
CRTH2	binds	receptor	0.90
ASTROCYTE	secreted_by	cell_type	0.90
Neuromyelitis Optica	biomarker_for	disease	0.90
Glial Activation	regulates	process	0.90
Alzheimer'S Disease	involved_in	disease	0.90
Amyloid Plaque Burden	modulates	phenotype	0.85
Microglia	modulates	cell_type	0.85
Astrocyte Circadian Clock	associated_with	process	0.85
AD Progression	risk_factor_for	phenotype	0.85
Cognitive Impairment	correlates_with	phenotype	0.85
Neuroinflammation	biomarker_for	process	0.85
macrophage phenotype	modulates	phenotype	0.84
neural stem cells	inhibits	cell_type	0.80
Astrocyte Activation	regulates	process	0.80
Microglial Activation	modulates	process	0.80
Phagocytosis	suppresses	process	0.75
Glial Phagocytosis	inhibits	process	0.75
Als	activates	disease	0.75
Autoimmune	activates	disease	0.75
Neurodegeneration	activates	disease	0.75
stem cells	expressed_in	cell_type	0.70
neurons	expressed_in	cell_type	0.70
astrocytes	expressed_in	cell_type	0.70
hippocampus	expressed_in	brain_region	0.70
ASTROCYTES	activates	gene	0.70
Multiple Sclerosis	activates	disease	0.65
Inflammation	activates	disease	0.65
Neuroinflammation	activates	disease	0.65
Aging	contributes_to	disease	0.65
Neuroinflammation	regulates	disease	0.65
Inflammation	regulates	disease	0.65
Alzheimer	regulates	disease	0.65
Aging	activates	disease	0.65
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis	activates	disease	0.65
Glioblastoma	regulates	disease	0.65
Tumor	inhibits	disease	0.65
Ms	activates	disease	0.65
Infection	activates	disease	0.65
Cancer	activates	disease	0.65
Parkinson	activates	disease	0.65
Inflammation	expressed_in	disease	0.65

Incoming (94)

Source	Relation	Type	Str
Astrocytes	expressed_in	cell_type	0.95
AQP4	regulates	protein	0.90
Astrocyte	product_of	cell_type	0.90
AQP4 Autoantibodies	upregulates	compound	0.90
hygromycin B	inhibits	drug	0.85
STAT3	interacts_with	gene	0.80
STAT3	regulates	protein	0.80
BDNF	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
APOE	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
NEFL	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
AQP4	activates	gene	0.60
SPP1	regulates	gene	0.60
STAT3	activates	gene	0.60
GBM	activates	gene	0.60
MMP1	activates	gene	0.60
HIF1A	activates	gene	0.60
MMP3	activates	gene	0.60
TNFAIP6	activates	gene	0.60
CD68	inhibits	gene	0.60
CLOCK	regulates	gene	0.60
C1S	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
ASTROCYTES	inhibits	gene	0.60
GLIOBLASTOMA	regulates	gene	0.60
IL-10	activates	gene	0.60
C1QA	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
C1QB	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
C1QC	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
C1R	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
APOE Ε4	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
C3	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
NF-ΚB	activates	gene	0.60
ALZHEIMER	regulates	gene	0.60
AND	activates	gene	0.60
ARG1	activates	gene	0.60
AIF1	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
RNA	expressed_in	gene	0.60
RNA	activates	gene	0.60
IL-1	inhibits	gene	0.60
IL9	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
VEGFA	associated_with	gene	0.60
IL4	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
FGF2	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
GFAP	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
NPTX1	associated_with	gene	0.60
CHIT1	associated_with	gene	0.60
MDH1	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
PDGFRB	associated_with	gene	0.60
SQSTM1	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
EGF	therapeutic_target	gene	0.60
RAGE	inhibits	gene	0.60

Targeting Hypotheses (2)

Hypotheses where this entity is a therapeutic target

Hypothesis	Score	Disease	Analysis
Integrated Biomarker Panel for Therapeutic Window Identifica	0.784	neurodegeneration	What are the precise temporal dynamics o
Disease-Elevated CHI3L1/CHIT1 Chitinases Are Biomarkers and	0.500	ALS	What are the mechanisms by which microgl

Mentioning Analyses (2)

Scientific analyses that reference this entity

What are the mechanisms by which microglial senescence contributes to ALS pathol

neurodegeneration | 2026-04-26 | 4 hypotheses Top: 0.776

What are the precise temporal dynamics of astrocyte ketone production decline du

neurodegeneration | 2026-04-15 | 2 hypotheses Top: 0.808

Experiments (2)

Experimental studies targeting or related to this entity

Experiment	Type	Disease	Score	Feasibility	Model	Status	Est. Cost
Chi3l1 deletion effects on baseline glial activation in mice	validation	baseline neuroinflammation	0.900	0.00	Chi3l1 knockout mice	proposed	N/A
CHI3L1 variant association with AD progression in human patients	exploratory	Alzheimer's disease	0.850	0.00	human patients	proposed	N/A

Related Papers (8)

Scientific publications cited in analyses involving this entity

Title & PMID	Authors	Journal	Year
Monocyte LOXHD1 and RHOB Expression Predictive of Progressive Systemic Sclerosis [PMID:40771159]	Padilla CM, Lafyatis R, Gibson KF, Morse	Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)	2026
Obstructive sleep apnea, biomarker profiles, and clinical progression in Parkins [PMID:41499940]	Zhu S, An D, Liu X	Sleep Med	2026
SuPAR levels are increased in sera of euthymic patients with bipolar disorder an [PMID:41605346]	Kök Kendirlioğlu B, Çörekli Kaymakçı E,	J Affect Disord	2026
Chitinase-like Proteins YKL-40 and YKL-39 in Colorectal Cancer. [PMID:41677627]	Ivanova T, Kazakova M, Dikov D, Dzhambov	Cells	2026
Correction: CHI3L1: An Emerging Player in Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneratio [PMID:41699333]	Mushtaq Umar; Seh Bilal Ahmad; Khanday F	Molecular Neurobiology	2026
Association of Alzheimer's disease progression with YKL40 levels in peripheral b [PMID:41725729]	Yang Q, Wang R, Pei J, Fu Q, Zhan Y et a	Front Neurol	2026
Constitutive neuronal expression and disease-associated upregulation of chitinas [PMID:41762671]	Gaur N, Angerer C, Gunes ZI, Ancau M, Wa	Brain	2026
Plasma CHI3L1 as a marker of cognitive and structural brain changes in radiologi [PMID:41953284]	Schneider R, Brand-Arzamendi K, Lim TR,	BMJ Neurol Open	2026

Debates (2)

Multi-agent debates referencing this entity

What are the mechanisms by which microglial senescence contributes to ALS pathol

active · Rounds: 6 · Score: 0.75 · 2026-04-26

The debate identified a critical therapeutic window when astrocytic ketone produ

closed · Rounds: 4 · Score: 0.85 · 2026-04-15

Related Research

Hypotheses and analyses mentioning CHI3L1 in their description or question text

No additional research found

CHI3L1

Understanding Entity Pages

Summary

Wiki Pages (3)

YKL-40 (CHI3L1) - Biomarker

CHI3L1 Gene

CHI3L1 Protein (YKL-40)

Pathway Diagram

Outgoing (267)

Incoming (94)

Targeting Hypotheses (2)

Mentioning Analyses (2)

What are the mechanisms by which microglial senescence contributes to ALS pathol

What are the precise temporal dynamics of astrocyte ketone production decline du

Experiments (2)

Related Papers (8)

Debates (2)

What are the mechanisms by which microglial senescence contributes to ALS pathol

The debate identified a critical therapeutic window when astrocytic ketone produ

Related Research