protein

IL-10

Entity Detail — Knowledge Graph Node

Understanding Entity Pages

This page aggregates everything SciDEX knows about IL-10: its mechanistic relationships (Knowledge Graph edges), hypotheses targeting it, analyses mentioning it, and supporting scientific papers. The interactive graph below shows its immediate neighbors. All content is AI-synthesized from peer-reviewed literature.

741Connections

1Hypotheses

1Analyses

50Outgoing

50Incoming

1Experiments

3Debates

Summary

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) — an anti-inflammatory cytokine that modulates neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease through JAK-STAT3 signaling.

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🔬 Protein Info

Gene Symbol	IL
Function	Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays a central role in the innate immune response and neuroinflammation.
GeneCards	IL
Human Protein Atlas	IL
Associated Diseases	CRC
KG Connections	1 knowledge graph edges
Databases	GeneCards UniProt NCBI Gene HPA STRING

Wiki Pages (1)

Knowledge base pages for this entity

IL-10 Protein

protein · 2632 words

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Pathway Diagram

graph TD
    IL10["IL-10"]
    S1P1["S1P1 Receptor"]
    TNF["TNF-alpha"]
    IL6["IL-6"]
    AKT["AKT"]
    NRF2["Nrf2"]
    MICROGLIA["Microglia"]
    NEUROINFLAM["Neuroinflammation"]
    INFLAM["Inflammation"]
    SPHINGO["Sphingolipid Metabolism"]
    APOPTOSIS["Apoptosis"]
    ALZHEIMER["Alzheimer's Disease"]
    PARKINSON["Parkinson's Disease"]
    AMYLOID["Amyloid Beta"]
    LRRK2["LRRK2"]
    PARKIN["Parkin"]

    S1P1 -->|"upregulates"| IL10
    AKT -->|"promotes"| IL10
    NRF2 -->|"enhances"| IL10
    MICROGLIA -->|"produces"| IL10
    
    TNF -->|"inhibits"| IL10
    IL6 -->|"inhibits"| IL10
    AMYLOID -->|"suppresses"| IL10
    
    IL10 -->|"inhibits"| NEUROINFLAM
    IL10 -->|"suppresses"| INFLAM
    IL10 -->|"regulates"| SPHINGO
    IL10 -->|"protects against"| APOPTOSIS
    
    NEUROINFLAM -->|"contributes to"| ALZHEIMER
    NEUROINFLAM -->|"contributes to"| PARKINSON
    LRRK2 -->|"associated with"| PARKINSON
    PARKIN -->|"associated with"| PARKINSON
    
    style IL10 fill:#1a3a4a,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:3px
    style S1P1 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style AKT fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style NRF2 fill:#4a1a6b,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style TNF fill:#ef5350,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style IL6 fill:#ef5350,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style NEUROINFLAM fill:#ef5350,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style INFLAM fill:#ef5350,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style ALZHEIMER fill:#7d4200,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style PARKINSON fill:#7d4200,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style MICROGLIA fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px

Outgoing (478)

Target	Relation	Type	Str
Sphingolipid Metabolism	inhibits	pathway	0.95
Inflammation	inhibits	process	0.95
Sphingolipids	regulates	compound	0.90
Sphingolipid Metabolism	modulates	pathway	0.90
microglia	expressed_in	cell_type	0.85
TGF-beta signaling	participates_in	pathway	0.85
unfolded protein response	participates_in	pathway	0.85
neurotrophin signaling	participates_in	pathway	0.85
TGF	activates	gene	0.85
sphingolipid metabolism	associated_with	biological_process	0.80
Neuroinflammation	inhibits	process	0.80
MACROPHAGES	activates	cell_type	0.80
inflammation	associated_with	disease	0.80
Psoriasis	associated_with	disease	0.80
astrocytes	expressed_in	cell_type	0.75
NF-kB signaling	participates_in	pathway	0.75
Parkinson	activates	disease	0.65
Inflammation	activates	disease	0.65
TNF	inhibits	gene	0.65
Alzheimer	activates	disease	0.65
Anxiety	inhibits	disease	0.65
MACROPHAGE	promotes	cell_type	0.65
MONOCYTE	promotes	cell_type	0.65
Aging	inhibits	disease	0.65
Neuroinflammation	activates	disease	0.65
Tumor	degrades	disease	0.65
Multiple Sclerosis	expressed_in	disease	0.65
Neuroinflammation	biomarker_for	disease	0.65
Multiple Sclerosis	biomarker_for	disease	0.65
Huntington	biomarker_for	disease	0.65
Alzheimer	biomarker_for	disease	0.65
Inflammation	biomarker_for	disease	0.65
Parkinson	biomarker_for	disease	0.65
Senescence	activates	disease	0.65
Cancer	activates	disease	0.65
Tumor	inhibits	disease	0.65
Glioblastoma	activates	disease	0.65
Fibrosis	activates	disease	0.65
Als	associated_with	disease	0.65
Als	therapeutic_target	disease	0.65
Ms	therapeutic_target	disease	0.65
Aging	therapeutic_target	disease	0.65
Aging	associated_with	disease	0.65
Cancer	inhibits	disease	0.65
ALS	activates	disease	0.65
Pain	regulates	disease	0.65
Tumor	causes	disease	0.65
Fibrosis	inhibits	disease	0.65
Als	expressed_in	disease	0.65
Anxiety	therapeutic_target	disease	0.65

Incoming (263)

Source	Relation	Type	Str
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE	associated_with	disease	0.98
TNF	inhibits	gene	0.90
LRWE	upregulates	compound	0.90
32505187	was reduced in	paper	0.90
S1P1	upregulates	receptor	0.85
IL-6	inhibits	gene	0.82
PARKINSON'S DISEASE	associated_with	disease	0.82
AMYLOID	associated_with	protein	0.82
IL-6	associated_with	gene	0.82
MICROGLIA	associated_with	cell_type	0.82
DHT	upregulates	compound	0.80
TREM2	regulated_by	gene	0.78
GDNF	activates	gene	0.75
CD68	activates	gene	0.75
DHT	modulates	compound	0.75
MICROGLIA	inhibits	cell_type	0.74
TNF	activates	gene	0.66
IL-6	activates	gene	0.66
TNF	associated_with	gene	0.66
CX3CR1	regulates	gene	0.65
BDNF	causes	gene	0.65
ASTROCYTES	promotes	cell_type	0.65
GFAP	promotes	gene	0.65
ASTROCYTE	promotes	cell_type	0.65
ATP	interacts_with	gene	0.65
CD38	promotes	gene	0.65
CREB	activates	gene	0.65
HDAC	activates	gene	0.65
NF-KB	associated_with	protein	0.64
BAX	associated_with	gene	0.64
AKT	associated_with	gene	0.64
AND	regulates	gene	0.60
NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
PARKINSON	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
NEUROINFLAMMATION	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
ALZHEIMER	biomarker_for	gene	0.60
AND	activates	gene	0.60
DISEASE-ASSOCIATED MICROGLIA	associated_with	gene	0.60
TNFR1	activates	gene	0.60
TNF	causes	gene	0.60
IL-4	regulates	gene	0.60
AND	causes	gene	0.60
NF-ΚB	regulates	gene	0.60
IL1R1	activates	gene	0.60
P38	activates	gene	0.60
PARKINSON	activates	gene	0.60
NEUROINFLAMMATION	activates	gene	0.60
SYNAPTOPHYSIN	activates	gene	0.60
TNF-Α	activates	gene	0.60
MICROGLIA	activates	gene	0.60

Targeting Hypotheses (1)

Hypotheses where this entity is a therapeutic target

Hypothesis	Score	Disease	Analysis
IL-10-Producing B10 Cells Establish AQP4-Specific Peripheral	0.648	neuroinflammation	How do B cells mechanistically orchestra

Mentioning Analyses (1)

Scientific analyses that reference this entity

TREM2 in Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanisms, Therapeutics, and Biomarkers

neurodegeneration | 2026-04-26 | 6 hypotheses Top: 0.990

Experiments (1)

Experimental studies targeting or related to this entity

Experiment	Type	Disease	Score	Feasibility	Model	Status	Est. Cost
IL-10 deficiency and VLC ceramide accumulation in inflammatory bowel d	validation	inflammatory bowel disease	0.900	0.00	IL-10 knockout mice	proposed	N/A

Related Papers (0)

Scientific publications cited in analyses involving this entity

Title & PMID	Authors	Journal	Year	Citations
No papers found

Debates (3)

Multi-agent debates referencing this entity

Hypothesis debate: TREM2-Dependent Microglial Senescence Transition

closed · Rounds: 4 · Score: 0.00 · 2026-04-26

Hypothesis debate: TREM2-Dependent Astrocyte-Microglia Cross-talk in Neurodegene

closed · Rounds: 4 · Score: 0.00 · 2026-04-26

What are the key mechanistic, therapeutic, and diagnostic dimensions of TREM2 in

closed · Rounds: 4 · Score: 0.92 · 2026-04-26

Related Research

Hypotheses and analyses mentioning IL-10 in their description or question text

No additional research found