disease

acetylcholine

Entity Detail — Knowledge Graph Node

Understanding Entity Pages

This page aggregates everything SciDEX knows about acetylcholine: its mechanistic relationships (Knowledge Graph edges), hypotheses targeting it, analyses mentioning it, and supporting scientific papers. The interactive graph below shows its immediate neighbors. All content is AI-synthesized from peer-reviewed literature.

247Connections

1Hypotheses

1Analyses

50Outgoing

50Incoming

0Experiments

1Debates

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Disease Info

Chemical formula	C7H16NO2+
Molecular weight	146.21 Da
Synthesis enzyme	Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)
Degradation enzyme	Acetylcholinesterase (AChE); half-life in the synapse is approximately 1-2 milliseconds
Substantia innominata	Provides cholinergic[@whitehouse1982] input to the amygdala and olfactory cortex
Pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN)	Modulates arousal, REM sleep, locomotion; projects to thalamus and basal ganglia
Laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (LDT)	Involved in reward, attention, and arousal
Cranial nerve motor nuclei	Innervate muscles of the head and neck
KG Connections	128 knowledge graph edges
Databases	OMIM Orphanet ClinicalTrials PubMed

Wiki Pages (3)

Knowledge base pages for this entity

Canonical Page

Pathway Diagram

graph TD
    acetylcholine["acetylcholine"]
    acetylcholinesterase["acetylcholinesterase"]
    acetylcholinesterase -->|"catalyzes"| acetylcholine
    TNF["TNF"]
    acetylcholine -->|"inhibits"| TNF
    norepinephrine["norepinephrine"]
    norepinephrine -->|"activates"| acetylcholine
    ALZHEIMER["ALZHEIMER"]
    acetylcholine -->|"inhibits"| ALZHEIMER
    Alzheimer_S_Disease["Alzheimer'S Disease"]
    acetylcholine -->|"inhibits"| Alzheimer_S_Disease
    disease["disease"]
    acetylcholine -->|"inhibits"| disease
    ALZHEIMER_S["ALZHEIMER'S"]
    acetylcholine -->|"inhibits"| ALZHEIMER_S
    Hippocampus["Hippocampus"]
    acetylcholine -->|"activates"| Hippocampus
    STROKE["STROKE"]
    acetylcholine -->|"inhibits"| STROKE
    apoptosis["apoptosis"]
    acetylcholine -->|"inhibits"| apoptosis
    Neuron["Neuron"]
    acetylcholine -->|"inhibits"| Neuron
    NEURONS["NEURONS"]
    acetylcholine -->|"inhibits"| NEURONS
    HYPOTHALAMUS["HYPOTHALAMUS"]
    acetylcholine -->|"inhibits"| HYPOTHALAMUS
    NUCLEUS["NUCLEUS"]
    acetylcholine -->|"inhibits"| NUCLEUS
    RAGE["RAGE"]
    acetylcholine -->|"activates"| RAGE
    HMGB1["HMGB1"]
    acetylcholine -->|"activates"| HMGB1
    Toll_Like_Receptor["Toll-Like Receptor"]
    acetylcholine -->|"activates"| Toll_Like_Receptor
    Neuron["Neuron"]
    acetylcholine -->|"activates"| Neuron
    NEURONS["NEURONS"]
    acetylcholine -->|"activates"| NEURONS
    HIF_1_["HIF-1Alpha"]
    acetylcholine -->|"activates"| HIF_1_
    cancer["cancer"]
    acetylcholine -->|"activates"| cancer
    TUMOR["TUMOR"]
    acetylcholine -->|"activates"| TUMOR
    Epithelial_Mesenchymal_Transition["Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition"]
    acetylcholine -->|"activates"| Epithelial_Mesenchymal_Transition
    CELL_PROLIFERATION["CELL PROLIFERATION"]
    acetylcholine -->|"activates"| CELL_PROLIFERATION
    mTOR["mTOR"]
    acetylcholine -->|"regulates"| mTOR
    NF__B["NF-kappaB"]
    acetylcholine -->|"regulates"| NF__B
    Chemoresistance["Chemoresistance"]
    acetylcholine -->|"regulates"| Chemoresistance
    DOPAMINE["DOPAMINE"]
    acetylcholine -->|"regulates"| DOPAMINE
    SEROTONIN["SEROTONIN"]
    acetylcholine -->|"regulates"| SEROTONIN
    DEPRESSION["DEPRESSION"]
    acetylcholine -->|"activates"| DEPRESSION

Outgoing (193)

Target	Relation	Type	Str
Neuroinflammation	inhibits	process	0.85
Tumor Suppression	mediates	process	0.80
Alzheimer's Disease	associated_with	disease	0.80
NEURONS	produces	cell_type	0.70
MICROGLIA	regulates	cell_type	0.70
HIF1A	enhances	protein	0.70
HIF1A	activates	protein	0.70
MACROPHAGES	activates	cell_type	0.70
ASTROCYTES	regulates	cell_type	0.70
MICROGLIA	causes	cell_type	0.70
MICROGLIA	activates	cell_type	0.70
TNF	inhibits	protein	0.70
Donepezil	associated_with	entity	0.70
DEPRESSION	treats	disease	0.65
AMYLOID	protects_against	protein	0.65
INFLAMMATION	causes	phenotype	0.65
FGFR1	causes	gene	0.65
AGING	causes	phenotype	0.65
INFLAMMATION	encodes	phenotype	0.65
INFLAMMATION	inhibits	phenotype	0.65
STROKE	downregulates	entity	0.60
MTOR	regulates	entity	0.60
AKT	regulates	entity	0.60
RAGE	regulates	entity	0.60
HMGB1	regulates	entity	0.60
pancreatic_cancer	associated_with	disease	0.60
APP	expressed_in	gene	0.60
SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY	implicated_in	phenotype	0.60
DEPRESSION	associated_with	entity	0.60
DEPRESSION	expressed_in	entity	0.60
CANCER	activates	entity	0.60
DOPAMINE	implicated_in	phenotype	0.55
DOPAMINE	participates_in	phenotype	0.55
INFLAMMATION	implicated_in	phenotype	0.55
APP/PS1	associated_with	concept	0.50
NUCLEUS	associated_with	concept	0.50
DEPRESSION	inhibits	disease	0.50
EXERCISE	inhibits	concept	0.50
DOPAMINE	inhibits	concept	0.50
GABA	inhibits	gene	0.50
VGAT	inhibits	protein	0.50
VACHT	inhibits	protein	0.50
Hippocampus	inhibits	entity	0.50
GLUTAMATE	inhibits	concept	0.50
Prion	activates	protein	0.50
NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS	activates	concept	0.50
Chaperone	activates	pathway	0.50
AMYLOID BETA	activates	concept	0.50
SYNUCLEIN	activates	concept	0.50
Proteins	activates	protein	0.50

Incoming (54)

Source	Relation	Type	Str
AMYLOID	associated_with	protein	1.00
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE	associated_with	disease	1.00
CHRNA7	receptor_for	gene	0.95
Pterostilbene	upregulates	compound	0.90
Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter	associated_with	entity	0.90
Acetylcholinesterase	degrades	enzyme	0.90
Choline Acetyltransferase	associated_with	enzyme	0.90
ACHE	degrades	gene	0.82
TNF	associated_with	gene	0.74
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE	inhibits	disease	0.74
acetylcholinesterase	catalyzes	protein	0.72
ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE	catalyzes	protein	0.72
INTERNEURONS	inhibits	cell_type	0.70
PARKINSON'S DISEASE	interacts_with	disease	0.70
STROKE	interacts_with	disease	0.70
NEURONS	interacts_with	cell_type	0.70
TNF	regulates	gene	0.70
MICROGLIA	degrades	cell_type	0.70
norepinephrine	activates	drug	0.70
Donepezil	associated_with	entity	0.70
Donepezil	inhibits	entity	0.70
NF-KB	associated_with	protein	0.66
BDNF	associated_with	gene	0.66
GLUTAMATE	biomarker_for	phenotype	0.65
CHAT	activates	gene	0.65
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE	protects_against	disease	0.65
TAU PHOSPHORYLATION	regulates	phenotype	0.65
NEURONS	targets	cell_type	0.60
APOE	associated_with	gene	0.56
PARKINSON'S DISEASE	associated_with	disease	0.56
ASTROCYTES	associated_with	cell_type	0.56
ALS	associated_with	disease	0.56
AMYLOID	activates	protein	0.56
LRRK2	inhibits	gene	0.50
LRRK2	activates	gene	0.50
ERK	regulates	gene	0.48
PI3K	associated_with	gene	0.48
IL-6	associated_with	gene	0.48
NRF2	activates	gene	0.48
AKT	associated_with	gene	0.48
APP	activates	gene	0.48
STAT3	associated_with	gene	0.48
AKT	regulates	gene	0.48
MTOR	regulates	gene	0.48
ERK	associated_with	gene	0.48
SOD1	associated_with	gene	0.48
LRRK2	activates	gene	0.48
TAU	associated_with	protein	0.48
TAU	activates	protein	0.48
FUS	associated_with	gene	0.48

Targeting Hypotheses (1)

Hypotheses where this entity is a therapeutic target

Hypothesis	Score	Disease	Analysis
Reactive astrocytes and cholinesterase-rich low-acetylcholin	0.440	neurodegeneration	What determines the temporal sequence of

Mentioning Analyses (1)

Scientific analyses that reference this entity

Metabolomic signatures of neurodegeneration and energy metabolism dysfunction

neurodegeneration | 2026-04-04 | 0 hypotheses

Experiments (0)

Experimental studies targeting or related to this entity

Experiment	Type	Disease	Score	Feasibility	Model	Status	Est. Cost
No experiments found

Related Papers (0)

Scientific publications cited in analyses involving this entity

Title & PMID	Authors	Journal	Year	Citations
No papers found

Debates (1)

Multi-agent debates referencing this entity

How do metabolomic alterations in glucose metabolism, mitochondrial function, an

closed · Rounds: 4 · Score: 0.30 · 2026-04-21

Related Research

Hypotheses and analyses mentioning acetylcholine in their description or question text

No additional research found

acetylcholine

Understanding Entity Pages

Wiki Pages (3)

acetylcholine

acetylcholine-signaling-neurodegeneration

acetylcholinesterase-neurons

Pathway Diagram

Outgoing (193)

Incoming (54)

Targeting Hypotheses (1)

Mentioning Analyses (1)

Metabolomic signatures of neurodegeneration and energy metabolism dysfunction

Experiments (0)

Related Papers (0)

Debates (1)

How do metabolomic alterations in glucose metabolism, mitochondrial function, an

Related Research