| Cell Type | MICROGLIA |
| Also Known As | Microglial cells, Brain-resident macrophages |
| Definition | Resident immune cells of the central nervous system derived from yolk sac progenitors |
| Functions | Immune surveillance, Synaptic pruning, Phagocytosis, Cytokine production, Debris clearance |
| Key Markers | IBA1, CD11b, CX3CR1, P2RY12, TMEM119, TREM2 |
| States | Homeostatic, Disease-associated (DAM), Activated, Phagocytic, Senescent |
| Key Pathways | TREM2-DAP12 signaling, TLR4-NF-kB, CSF1R signaling, Complement cascade, cGAS-STING |
| Associated Diseases | Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Multiple sclerosis, ALS, Nasu-Hakola disease |
| Discovery | First described by Pío del Río Hortega in 1919 |
| Linked Hypotheses | 609 hypotheses |
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