Entity Detail — Knowledge Graph Node
This page aggregates everything SciDEX knows about GAN: its mechanistic relationships (Knowledge Graph edges), hypotheses targeting it, analyses mentioning it, and supporting scientific papers. The interactive graph below shows its immediate neighbors. All content is AI-synthesized from peer-reviewed literature.
GAN is a gene implicated in neurodegeneration research. Key relationships include: therapeutic target, activates, inhibits. Associated with Fibrosis, Ms, Neurodegeneration. Connected to 22 entities in the SciDEX knowledge graph.
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| Gene Symbol | GAN |
| Full Name | Gigaxonin |
| Chromosome | 16q24.2 |
| Function | is a key component of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, functioning as a substrate adaptor for the Cullin-3 (CUL3)-RING ligase complex |
| Molecular Weight | 65 kDa |
| Amino Acids | 597 aa |
| Exons | 11 |
| Pathways | Blood-Brain Barrier, Immune Response, Nf-Κb, Tgf-Β, blood-brain barrier |
| UniProt ID | [Q9Y2H5](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9Y2H5) |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000150433 |
| OMIM | 605379 |
| GeneCards | GAN |
| Human Protein Atlas | GAN |
| N-terminal BTB domain | Mediates homodimerization and interactions with Cullin-3 E3 ubiquitin ligases[@geyer2012] |
| Central BACK domain | Involved in substrate recognition |
| Associated Diseases | Giant Axonal Neuropathy |
| Interactions | AND, NEURODEGENERATION, NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES, NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS, NF-ΚB, SYNUCLEINOPATHY |
| KG Connections | 54 knowledge graph edges |
| Databases | GeneCardsNCBI GeneHPASTRING |
Knowledge base pages for this entity
graph TD
GAN["GAN"]
Fibrosis{"Fibrosis"}
GAN -->|"activates"| Fibrosis
Neurodegeneration{"Neurodegeneration"}
GAN -->|"therapeutic target"| Neurodegeneration
Ms{"Ms"}
GAN -->|"therapeutic target"| Ms
Synucleinopathy{"Synucleinopathy"}
GAN -->|"therapeutic target"| Synucleinopathy
Tgf__(["Tgf-Beta"])
GAN -->|"activates"| Tgf__
Immune_Response(["Immune Response"])
GAN -->|"therapeutic target"| Immune_Response
Nf__b(["Nf-Kappab"])
GAN -->|"therapeutic target"| Nf__b
Blood_Brain_Barrier(["Blood-Brain Barrier"])
GAN -->|"therapeutic target"| Blood_Brain_Barrier
neurodegeneration["neurodegeneration"]
GAN -->|"implicated in"| neurodegeneration
TRKB["TRKB"]
TRKB -->|"inhibits"| GAN
TNF["TNF"]
TNF -->|"therapeutic target"| GAN
SYNUCLEINOPATHY["SYNUCLEINOPATHY"]
SYNUCLEINOPATHY -->|"therapeutic target"| GAN
NEURODEGENERATION["NEURODEGENERATION"]
NEURODEGENERATION -->|"therapeutic target"| GAN
NEURODEGENERATIVE_DISEASES["NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES"]
NEURODEGENERATIVE_DISEASES -->|"therapeutic target"| GAN
NF__B["NF-KappaB"]
NF__B -->|"therapeutic target"| GAN
AND["AND"]
AND -->|"therapeutic target"| GAN
TNF__["TNF-Alpha"]
TNF__ -->|"therapeutic target"| GAN
style GAN fill:#1a3a4a,stroke:#4fc3f7,stroke-width:3px,color:#e0e0e0| Target | Relation | Type | Str |
|---|---|---|---|
| axonal degeneration | regulates | process | 0.70 |
| Giant Axonal Neuropathy | causes | disease | 0.70 |
| Fibrosis | activates | disease | 0.65 |
| Neurodegeneration | therapeutic_target | disease | 0.65 |
| Ms | therapeutic_target | disease | 0.65 |
| Synucleinopathy | therapeutic_target | disease | 0.65 |
| Synucleinopathy | activates | disease | 0.65 |
| Neurodegeneration | activates | disease | 0.65 |
| Α-Synuclein | therapeutic_target | protein | 0.60 |
| TNF-Α | activates | gene | 0.60 |
| Nf-Κb | activates | pathway | 0.60 |
| TNF | therapeutic_target | gene | 0.60 |
| Immune Response | activates | pathway | 0.60 |
| Blood-Brain Barrier | activates | pathway | 0.60 |
| App | therapeutic_target | protein | 0.60 |
| Tgf-Β | activates | pathway | 0.60 |
| blood-brain barrier | participates_in | pathway | 0.60 |
| endothelial cells | expressed_in | cell_type | 0.60 |
| blood-brain barrier | expressed_in | brain_region | 0.60 |
| TRKB | inhibits | gene | 0.60 |
| Rb | therapeutic_target | protein | 0.60 |
| NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES | activates | gene | 0.60 |
| AND | activates | gene | 0.60 |
| NEURODEGENERATION | activates | gene | 0.60 |
| Immune Response | therapeutic_target | pathway | 0.60 |
| Nf-Κb | therapeutic_target | pathway | 0.60 |
| Blood-Brain Barrier | therapeutic_target | pathway | 0.60 |
| NEURODEGENERATION | therapeutic_target | gene | 0.60 |
| NF-ΚB | therapeutic_target | gene | 0.60 |
| NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES | therapeutic_target | gene | 0.60 |
| TNF-Α | therapeutic_target | gene | 0.60 |
| SYNUCLEINOPATHY | therapeutic_target | gene | 0.60 |
| Endothelial | associated_with | cell_type | 0.60 |
| Endothelial Cell | expressed_in | cell_type | 0.55 |
| TNF | activates | gene | 0.50 |
| NF-ΚB | activates | gene | 0.50 |
| WAS | activates | protein | 0.50 |
| GENES | co_discussed | gene | 0.50 |
| Source | Relation | Type | Str |
|---|---|---|---|
| AND | therapeutic_target | gene | 0.60 |
| TNF | therapeutic_target | gene | 0.60 |
| SYNUCLEINOPATHY | therapeutic_target | gene | 0.60 |
| NEURODEGENERATION | therapeutic_target | gene | 0.60 |
| NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES | therapeutic_target | gene | 0.60 |
| NF-ΚB | therapeutic_target | gene | 0.60 |
| TNF-Α | therapeutic_target | gene | 0.60 |
| NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS | activates | gene | 0.60 |
| AND | inhibits | gene | 0.60 |
| NEURODEGENERATION | activates | gene | 0.60 |
| SYNUCLEINOPATHY | activates | gene | 0.60 |
| NF-ΚB | activates | gene | 0.60 |
| AND | activates | gene | 0.60 |
| NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES | activates | gene | 0.60 |
| TRKB | inhibits | gene | 0.60 |
| TNF | activates | gene | 0.60 |
Hypotheses where this entity is a therapeutic target
Scientific analyses that reference this entity
No analyses mention this entity
Experimental studies targeting or related to this entity
| Experiment | Type | Disease | Score | Feasibility | Model | Status | Est. Cost |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| G3BP1-mediated stress granule assembly via liquid-liquid phase separat | exploratory | 0.900 | 0.00 | eukaryotic cells | proposed | N/A | |
| IRI-AKI mouse model with mtROS inhibition | validation | ischemic acute kidney injury | 0.900 | 0.00 | IRI-AKI mice | proposed | N/A |
| mtROS effects on TFAM and mtDNA in HK2 cells | exploratory | acute kidney injury | 0.900 | 0.00 | HK2 cells | proposed | N/A |
| G3BP1 intrinsically disordered region analysis and phosphorylation eff | exploratory | 0.850 | 0.00 | in vitro protein analysis syst | proposed | N/A | |
| TFAM knockdown functional analysis | exploratory | acute kidney injury | 0.850 | 0.00 | HK2 cells | proposed | N/A |
| G3BP1-binding factor cooperativity in stress granule network regulatio | exploratory | 0.800 | 0.00 | cell culture systems with prot | proposed | N/A | |
| TFAM and mtDNA analysis in AKI patients | clinical | acute kidney injury | 0.800 | 0.00 | human patients | proposed | N/A |
| Proposed experiment from debate on TDP-43 undergoes liquid-liquid phas | falsification | Neurodegeneration | 0.400 | 0.50 | cell_line | proposed | $80,000 |
| Mechanism: C9orf72 Hexanucleotide Repeat Expansion in ALS/FTD | validation | ALS | 0.400 | 0.50 | human | proposed | $2,730,000 |
| C9orf72 Phenotype Divergence: ALS vs FTD Mechanism Study | clinical | ALS | 0.400 | 0.50 | human | proposed | $6,550,000 |
| Pre-Symptomatic Detection and Intervention Timing in Genetic Prion Dis | validation | ALS | 0.400 | 0.50 | human | proposed | $2,280,000 |
| Stress Granule Dysfunction Validation in Parkinson's Disease | clinical | Parkinson's Disease | 0.400 | 0.50 | human | proposed | $5,460,000 |
| Experiment Validation: In vitro ThT Assay | validation | Alzheimer's Disease | 0.400 | 0.50 | cell_line | proposed | $160,000 |
| s:** - Test MCU overexpression specifically in layer II neurons in hea | falsification | Neurodegeneration | 0.400 | 0.50 | mouse | proposed | $200,000 |
| Proposed experiment from debate on Mitochondrial transfer between astr | falsification | Neurodegeneration | 0.400 | 0.50 | cell_line | proposed | $80,000 |
| Selective Vulnerability of Dopaminergic Neurons — Mechanism and Protec | validation | Neurodegeneration | 0.400 | 0.50 | cell_line | proposed | $160,000 |
| Exercise-BDNF-Mitophagy Biomarker Study in PD | clinical | Parkinson's Disease | 0.400 | 0.50 | human | proposed | $6,550,000 |
| Ferroptosis Validation in Parkinson's Disease | clinical | Parkinson's Disease | 0.400 | 0.50 | human | proposed | $6,550,000 |
| GLP-1 Agonist Neuroprotection Mechanism in PD | clinical | Parkinson's Disease | 0.400 | 0.50 | human | proposed | $6,550,000 |
| Oligodendrocyte-Myelin Dysfunction Validation in Parkinson's Disease | clinical | Parkinson's Disease | 0.400 | 0.50 | human | proposed | $7,100,000 |
Scientific publications cited in analyses involving this entity
| Title & PMID | Authors | Journal | Year | Citations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stress granule homeostasis is modulated by TRIM21-mediated ubiquitination of G3B [PMID:36692217] | Yang C, Wang Z, Kang Y, Yi Q, Wang T, Ba | Autophagy | 2023 | 3 |
| G3BP1 Is a Tunable Switch that Triggers Phase Separation to Assemble Stress Gran [PMID:32302571] | Yang P, Mathieu C, Kolaitis RM, Zhang P, | Cell | 2020 | 3 |
| Organelle-specific autophagy in inflammatory diseases: a potential therapeutic t [PMID:32048886] | Yao RQ, Ren C, Xia ZF, Yao YM | Autophagy | 2021 | 2 |
| Hypoxia-driven phase separation of the PABP1/eIF4B complex forms stress granules [PMID:41780839] | Lin Z, Gao Y, Zhang Q, Yang S, Chen Y, D | Cancer Lett | 2026 | 1 |
| Melatonin attenuates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury by promoting mitophagy t [PMID:37651673] | Deng Z, He M, Hu H, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Ge | Autophagy | 2024 | 1 |
| TFAM is an autophagy receptor that limits inflammation by binding to cytoplasmic [PMID:38783142] | Liu H, Zhen C, Xie J, Luo Z, Zeng L, Zha | Nat Cell Biol | 2024 | 1 |
| Membrane Atg8ylation, stress granule formation, and MTOR regulation during lysos [PMID:36394332] | Jia J, Wang F, Bhujabal Z, Peters R, Mud | Autophagy | 2023 | 1 |
| Mitochondrial-derived damage-associated molecular patterns amplify neuroinflamma [PMID:35233090] | Lin MM, Liu N, Qin ZH, Wang Y | Acta Pharmacol Sin | 2022 | 1 |
| Mitochondrial ROS promote mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation in ischemic [PMID:33408785] | Zhao M, Wang Y, Li L, Liu S, Wang C, Yua | Theranostics | 2021 | 1 |
| Mitochondrial DNA copy number in human disease: the more the better? [PMID:33314045] | Filograna R, Mennuni M, Alsina D, Larsso | FEBS Lett | 2021 | 1 |
| Mitochondrial DNA stress triggers autophagy-dependent ferroptotic death. [PMID:32186434] | Li C, Zhang Y, Liu J, Kang R, Klionsky D | Autophagy | 2021 | 1 |
| Butyrate extends health and lifespan in mice with mitochondrial deficiency. [PMID:41826362] | ["Gaband\u00e9-Rodr\u00edguez E", "G\u00 | Nature communications | 2026 | 0 |
| Vav-iCre-Mediated Deletion of TFAM Is Not Recoverable and Is Consistent with Emb [PMID:41898789] | ["Ghosh R", "Shakur E", "Yousefzadeh M"] | Genes | 2026 | 0 |
| NRIP1 co-activates nuclear translocated FOXO3 to upregulate TFAM expression and [PMID:41888517] | ["Zha Y", "Huang H", "Liu Y", "Wan M", " | Cell death discovery | 2026 | 0 |
| Implications of virus-induced stress granules in tauopathies. [PMID:41673769] | Sharma S, Vandenakker A, Cortés-Pérez C, | Translational neurodegeneratio | 2026 | 0 |
| miR-137-5p-Loaded Milk-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Modulate Oxidative S [PMID:41754992] | ["G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc S", "Ayd\u0131n | Pharmaceutics | 2026 | 0 |
| Ginseng stem and leaf saponins attenuates pulmonary fibrosis by regulating TFAM- [PMID:41911987] | Chen Y, Hu L, Fu Q, Chen H, Jiang Z, Li | Journal of ethnopharmacology | 2026 | 0 |
| AMPK promotes TFEB transcriptional activity through dephosphorylation at both MT [PMID:41661247] | Negoita F, Fraguas Bringas C, Hellberg K | Autophagy | 2026 | 0 |
| Implications of virus-induced stress granules in tauopathies. [PMID:41673769] | Sharma S, Vandenakker A, Cortés-Pérez C, | Transl Neurodegener | 2026 | 0 |
| Pharmacological modulation of stress granules via G3BP1/2: A pathway to treat ca [PMID:41924133] | Yang J, Gao F | Front Pharmacol | 2026 | 0 |
Multi-agent debates referencing this entity
No debates reference this entity
Hypotheses and analyses mentioning GAN in their description or question text
Score: 0.650 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-22
**Molecular Mechanism and Rationale** The low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) represents a promising gateway for th
Score: 0.649 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-21
## Mechanistic Overview p62 Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation Nucleates Cross-Organelle Cargo for Coordinated Autophagy sta
Score: 0.649 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-17
**Molecular Mechanism and Rationale** The APOE-TREM2 ligand availability dysfunction hypothesis centers on the critical
Score: 0.640 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-25
Electron leak at complex I and destabilized inner-membrane architecture generate superoxide and lipid oxidation that dam
Score: 0.582 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-25
Membrane-derived cofactors in extracellular vesicles maintain polymorph fidelity and templating competence.
Score: 0.571 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-21
## Mechanistic Overview VPS34 Complex I Subunit Heterogeneity Dictates Organelle-Specific vs. Bulk Autophagy starts from
Score: 0.540 · molecular neurobiology · 2026-04-25
lncRNA-0021 may contain a pre-folded structural element that lowers the entropic cost of binding and presents the miR-63
Score: 0.517 · neuroinflammation · 2026-04-21
## Mechanistic Overview Metabolic Accumulation (Ammonia/Manganese) Triggers IBA1 Downregulation via NRF2 starts from the
Score: 0.490 · neurodegeneration · 2026-04-25
Tumor extracellular vesicles carrying phosphatidylserine activate microglia via TREM2, enhancing neuroprotective functio
Score: 0.465 · lipidomics · 2026-04-25
GM1 Ganglioside Reduction via ST3GAL5 Activation to Block Aβ Oligomerization Seeds