| Gene Symbol | alzheimers |
| Aliases | alzheimers |
| Olfactory bulb involvement | The olfactory bulb shows early tau pathology and amyloid deposition[@talamo1989] |
| Entorhinal cortex degeneration | This critical hub for olfactory processing is among the first brain regions affected by AD[@braak1991] |
| Piriform cortex atrophy | Primary olfactory cortex shows reduced volume in early AD[@wang2011] |
| Olfactory neurotransmitter dysfunction | Cholinergic and dopaminergic signaling declines[@hawkes2003] |
| Procedure | Patient scratches microencapsulated odor strips and identifies odors from multiple-choice options |
| Scoring | Score ranges 0-40; lower scores indicate worse olfactory function |
| AD-specific cutoffs | Score <30 suggests AD-related olfactory dysfunction[@doty1984] |
| Olfactory threshold | Detection of n-butanol dilutions |
| Olfactory discrimination | Distinguishing between odors |
| Olfactory identification | Naming presented odors[@hummel2007] |
| Sniffin' Sticks Extended | Validated in European populations |
| Korean Version of UPSIT (K-UPSIT) | Validated in Korean elderly[@moon2011] |
| Japanese Olfactory Test | Adapted for Japanese population[@saito2006] |
| Olfactory Function Test (OFT) | Cross-cultural validation ongoing[@schriever2014] |
| Associated Diseases | ALZHEIMER |
| KG Connections | 85 knowledge graph edges |
| Databases | GeneCardsUniProtNCBI GeneHPASTRING |
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