| Gene Symbol | IL |
| Full Name | 1α Protein — Interleukin-1 Alpha |
| Function | Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays a central role in the innate immune response and neuroinflammation. |
| Subcellular Localization | </strong></td><td>Cytoplasm, membrane-bound, secreted</td></tr> |
| GeneCards | IL |
| Human Protein Atlas | IL |
| Nuclear localization signals (NLS) | Two functional NLS sequences allow pro-IL-1α to translocate to the nucleus, where it may function as a transcription regulator in certain cell types |
| Mature domain | The C-terminal 159 amino acids form the receptor-binding core, which is sufficient for full biological activity when released from the prodomain |
| N-linked glycosylation | Variable glycosylation at Asn-128 affects protein stability and may influence receptor binding kinetics |
| Acetylation | Acetylation of the N-terminal residue can regulate secretion efficiency |
| Neurons | Constitutive expression at low levels, dramatically upregulated following injury or disease |
| Astrocytes | Astrocytes are major producers of IL-1α in response to CNS insults, disease-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and pro-inflammatory cytokines |
| Microglia | Brain-resident macrophages express IL-1α constitutively and upregulate it strongly in response to amyloid deposits, α-synuclein aggregates, and other disease-associated stimuli |
| Endothelial cells | The BBB endothelium expresses IL-1α and responds to it by upregulating adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1) that facilitate leukocyte extravasation |
| Associated Diseases | CRC |
| KG Connections | 1 knowledge graph edges |
| Databases | GeneCardsUniProtNCBI GeneHPASTRING |
No AI portrait yet
No comments yet. Be the first to comment!