| Gene Symbol | BAXINHIBITOR1PROTEIN |
| Aliases | BAXINHIBITOR1PROTEIN |
| Subcellular Localization | the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Originally identified through its remarkable ability to suppress BAX-induced ce |
| N-terminal cytosolic domain | Amino acids 1-30, faces the cytosol |
| Transmembrane domains | Six α-helical transmembrane segments (TM1-TM6) |
| ER luminal loop | Contains the conserved TMBIM motif |
| C-terminal cytosolic tail | Short C-terminus facing the cytosol |
| Phosphorylation | Serine/threonine phosphorylation affects BI1 function |
| Glycosylation | N-linked glycosylation in the ER lumen |
| Ubiquitination | Regulates protein stability and degradation |
| Acetylation | Modulates protein-protein interactions |
| BAX sequestration | BI1 prevents BAX conformational activation and mitochondrial translocation[@wang2015] |
| Direct interaction | BI1 physically interacts with BAX, inhibiting its pro-apoptotic function |
| Mitochondrial protection | Preserves mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) |
| Caspase inhibition | Reduces activation of caspases-9 and caspase-3 |
| Calcium channel function | Acts as a passive calcium leak channel in the ER membrane[@lee2010] |
| Databases | GeneCardsUniProtNCBI GeneHPASTRING |
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