| Gene Symbol | BIOMARKERS |
| Function | Cell-to-cell communication, waste removal, disease propagation |
| Biogenesis | Formed within endosomes, released via multivesicular body fusion with plasma membrane |
| Cargo | Include proteins, lipids, mRNAs, microRNAs, and other nucleic acids |
| Synaptic proteins | Synaptophysin, PSD-95, SNAP-25 |
| Neuronal markers | Tau, β-amyloid (neuronal source) |
| MicroRNAs | miR-9, miR-124 (neuron-specific) |
| Neurofilament proteins | NF-L, NF-H |
| Sensitivity | 85-95% for AD vs controls |
| Specificity | 80-90% vs other dementias |
| Correlation | With PET amyloid/tau imaging |
| Associated Diseases | Neurocognitive Disorders, Prostate Cancer, ALS, Frailty, Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Inclusion Body Myositis |
| KG Connections | 2 knowledge graph edges |
| Databases | GeneCardsUniProtNCBI GeneHPASTRING |
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