| Brainstem nuclei | The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) and laterodorsal tegmental nucleus show significant degeneration, contributing to the characteristic supranuclear gaze palsy and sleep disturbances. |
| Substantia nigra | Dopaminergic neuron loss in the substantia nigra pars compacta contributes to the overlap of parkinsonian motor symptoms. |
| Subthalamic nucleus | Severe degeneration of STN neurons is a hallmark, correlating with postural instability and falls. |
| Red nucleus | Involved in oculomotor control pathways. |
| GABAergic neurons | Striatal and brainstem GABAergic populations exhibit early loss, correlating with akinesia and axial rigidity. |
| Coiled bodies | Present in both gray and white matter. |
| Nigral microglia | Show activation patterns associated with neuroinflammation. |
| Cortical pyramidal neurons | Layer III/V pyramidal neurons in motor and premotor cortices show tau pathology and degeneration, correlating with apraxia and cortical sensory loss. |
| Ballooned (achromatic) neurons | Swollen, eosinophilic neurons with reduced staining — a hallmark neuropathological feature of CBD. |
| Basal forebrain cholinergic neurons | Early involvement contributes to cognitive decline and cortical atrophy patterns. |
| GABAergic interneurons | Parvalbumin (PV) and somatostatin-positive interneurons demonstrate significant pathology, affecting cortical inhibition. |
| Astrocytic plaques | CBD shows a different astroglial morphology from PSP — ring-like tau-positive distal processes with relative sparing of the soma, usually in cortex and subcortical white matter. |
| Databases | OMIMOrphanetClinicalTrialsPubMed |
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