[Artifacts] External dataset references: track datasets like we track papers done analysis:6 coding:7

[Artifacts] External dataset references: track datasets like we track papers

Goal

Just as SciDEX tracks papers by PubMed ID without hosting the full text, we need to track external datasets by their repository IDs without hosting the data. This enables analyses to reference specific datasets, link them to hypotheses, and track when datasets are updated upstream.

Design Principles

• Reference, don't replicate: Store metadata and URLs, not the actual data
• Mirror the paper model: register_dataset() should feel like register_paper()
• Lightweight: Don't become HuggingFace — just enough metadata to know what the dataset contains and how to find it
• Linkable: Datasets connect to KG entities, hypotheses, and analyses via artifact_links

Supported Sources (initial)

Source	ID Format	Metadata API	Example
GEO	GSE123456	NCBI E-utils	Gene expression arrays
Allen Brain	allen:SEA-AD	brain-map.org API	Cell atlas data
Zenodo	10.5281/zenodo.XXX	Zenodo API	General scientific data
Figshare	10.6084/m9.figshare.XXX	Figshare API	Supplementary data
UniProt	UP000005640	UniProt API	Proteome datasets

Implementation

register_dataset(source, external_id, **kwargs) → artifact_id

def register_dataset(source, external_id, url=None, title=None,
                     description=None, license=None, schema_summary=None,
                     row_count=None, format=None):
    artifact_id = f"dataset-{source}-{external_id}"
    metadata = {
        "source": source,
        "external_id": external_id,
        "url": url or _resolve_url(source, external_id),
        "license": license,
        "format": format,
        "row_count": row_count,
        "schema_summary": schema_summary,
        "last_checked_at": datetime.utcnow().isoformat()
    }
    return register_artifact(
        artifact_type="dataset",
        title=title or f"{source}:{external_id}",
        metadata=metadata,
        created_by="import",
        quality_score=0.8
    )

_resolve_url(source, external_id) → str

Map source+ID to canonical URL:

• GEO: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc={id}
• Allen Brain: https://portal.brain-map.org/atlases-and-data/...
• Zenodo: https://zenodo.org/record/{id}

Freshness Check (optional, low priority)

Periodic task that re-checks external URLs for 404s or updated metadata. Update last_checked_at field. Flag stale datasets (not checked in 30+ days).

REST Endpoints

• GET /api/datasets — list all registered external datasets with filtering by source
• GET /api/dataset/{id} — dataset detail with linked artifacts (hypotheses, analyses)

Acceptance Criteria

Dependencies

• a17-19-TYPE0001 (dataset artifact type must be registered)

Dependents

• a17-22-TABL0001 (tabular datasets reference external sources)
• d16-21-DSET0001 (demo: Allen Brain Cell Atlas)

Work Log

2026-04-24 11:25 PT — Codex

• Read the external-dataset spec and existing artifact registry / API routes before editing.
• Extended scidex/atlas/artifact_registry.py so external datasets get canonical IDs (dataset-{source}-{external_id}), source-aware URL resolution, duplicate detection by source + external_id, and helper functions for listing/detail payloads.
• Added GET /api/datasets with source filtering and GET /api/dataset/{id} for dataset detail plus linked artifacts in api.py.
• Added focused unit coverage in scidex/atlas/test_external_dataset_registry.py for canonical registration, duplicate reuse, source filtering, and linked-artifact enrichment.
• Verified with python -m py_compile api.py scidex/atlas/artifact_registry.py scidex/atlas/test_external_dataset_registry.py and pytest -q scidex/atlas/test_external_dataset_registry.py (4 passed).

2026-04-24 12:05 PT — Codex

• Added dataset freshness helpers in scidex/atlas/artifact_registry.py so registered datasets expose last_checked_at / stale status and can be re-checked periodically without downloading the underlying data.
• Added coverage for freshness refresh behavior in scidex/atlas/test_external_dataset_registry.py.

2026-04-24 19:50 PT — GLM-5 (slot 63)

• Verified all acceptance criteria met:

- register_dataset() creates artifact with type=dataset ✓
- Artifact ID format dataset-{source}-{external_id} ✓
- URL auto-resolution for GEO, Allen Brain, Zenodo, Figshare, UniProt, Dryad, Synapse ✓
- Metadata includes source, external_id, url, schema_summary ✓
- Duplicate registration returns existing artifact ✓
- GET /api/datasets with source filtering ✓
- GET /api/dataset/{id} with linked artifacts ✓

• All 5 tests pass (pytest: 5 passed in 1.05s)
• All Python files compile cleanly
• Import patterns match existing api.py conventions (34 existing import artifact_registry references)
• Ready for merge and push.